World Species : Protected Area : Gunung Niut Wildlife Reserve

Gunung Niut Wildlife Reserve

Location:	Kalimantan, Indonesia
IUCN Category:	IV
Area:	409,109 acres (165,561 hectares)
Species:	All Endangered Invasive
Climate:	View Climate Data
Land Use:	View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:	Af (Climate: equatorial; Precipitation: fully humid)

Ecoregions

Borneo lowland rain forests
Borneo montane rain forests

Soils

— Protected Area Boundary

	A						B					C

Share	20 %	20 %	20 %	20 %	10 %	10 %	25 %	25 %	20 %	20 %	10 %	45 %	45 %	10 %
Soil Type	Orthic Acrisols	Orthic Acrisols	Dystric Cambisols	Humic Acrisols	Chromic Cambisols	Gleyic Acrisols	Orthic Acrisols	Orthic Acrisols	Luvisols	Ferric Acrisols	Dystric Gleysols	Rhodic Ferralsols	Rhodic Ferralsols	Orthic Acrisols
Topsoil Texture	Medium	Fine	Medium	Medium	Fine	Medium	Medium	Fine	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Fine	Medium
Reference Depth	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm
Drainage	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Poor	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Poor	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Moderately well
Available Water Capacity	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	50 m	50 m	150 m
Phase 1												Petroferric	Petroferric
Topsoil Properties
Gravel	10 %	4 %	10 %	5 %	3 %	9 %	10 %	4 %	5 %	23 %	2 %	3 %	1 %	10 %
Sand	49 %	29 %	41 %	46 %	20 %	34 %	49 %	29 %	48 %	53 %	40 %	62 %	22 %	49 %
Silt	27 %	25 %	39 %	30 %	30 %	43 %	27 %	25 %	30 %	22 %	39 %	12 %	19 %	27 %
Clay	24 %	46 %	20 %	24 %	50 %	23 %	24 %	46 %	22 %	25 %	21 %	26 %	59 %	24 %
USDA Texture	Sandy clay loam	Clay	Loam	Loam	Clay	Loam	Sandy clay loam	Clay	Loam	Sandy clay loam	Loam	Sandy clay loam	Clay (heavy)	Sandy clay loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.4 g/cm³	1.26 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.23 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.26 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.21 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.4 g/cm³	1.27 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.23 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.27 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³	1.34 g/cm³	1.21 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	1 %	1.07 %	1.45 %	1.73 %	1.43 %	0.83 %	1 %	1.07 %	0.8 %	0.98 %	1.25 %	0.68 %	1.42 %	1 %
PH	4.6	4.6	5.1	5	6.8	4.9	4.6	4.6	6.3	5.1	5.1	5.4	5.4	4.6
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	16 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	30 cmol kg⁻¹	19 cmol kg⁻¹	35 cmol kg⁻¹	18 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	36 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	24 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	7 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	21 cmol kg⁻¹	7 cmol kg⁻¹	7 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹	7 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	44 %	38 %	37 %	27 %	91 %	30 %	44 %	38 %	91 %	49 %	47 %	75 %	61 %	44 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	3.5 cmol kg⁻¹	5.7 cmol kg⁻¹	4.1 cmol kg⁻¹	2.5 cmol kg⁻¹	20.8 cmol kg⁻¹	1.9 cmol kg⁻¹	3.5 cmol kg⁻¹	5.7 cmol kg⁻¹	9.4 cmol kg⁻¹	2.7 cmol kg⁻¹	5.5 cmol kg⁻¹	2.8 cmol kg⁻¹	6.7 cmol kg⁻¹	3.5 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0.1 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	2 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	2 %	1 %	2 %	1 %	1 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel	10 %	4 %	20 %	7 %	4 %	7 %	10 %	4 %	8 %	19 %	4 %	3 %	3 %	10 %
Sand	40 %	23 %	45 %	41 %	20 %	28 %	40 %	23 %	40 %	41 %	41 %	53 %	19 %	40 %
Silt	24 %	22 %	35 %	26 %	29 %	38 %	24 %	22 %	28 %	20 %	34 %	13 %	17 %	24 %
Clay	36 %	55 %	20 %	33 %	51 %	34 %	36 %	55 %	32 %	39 %	25 %	34 %	64 %	36 %
USDA Texture	Clay loam	Clay	Loam	Clay loam	Clay	Clay loam	Clay loam	Clay	Clay loam	Clay loam	Loam	Sandy clay loam	Clay (heavy)	Clay loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.32 g/cm³	1.23 g/cm³	1.42 g/cm³	1.34 g/cm³	1.23 g/cm³	1.31 g/cm³	1.32 g/cm³	1.23 g/cm³	1.34 g/cm³	1.31 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.19 g/cm³	1.32 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.4 g/cm³	1.27 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.48 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.27 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.19 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.42 %	0.46 %	0.5 %	0.77 %	0.6 %	0.3 %	0.42 %	0.46 %	0.35 %	0.39 %	0.4 %	0.33 %	0.59 %	0.42 %
PH	4.8	4.9	5.2	5.2	7.2	4.7	4.8	4.9	6.4	5	5.2	5.3	5.5	4.8
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	14 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	36 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	33 cmol kg⁻¹	22 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	38 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	31 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	6 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	7 cmol kg⁻¹	23 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹	4 cmol kg⁻¹	7 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	32 %	23 %	33 %	21 %	97 %	20 %	32 %	23 %	92 %	33 %	47 %	59 %	36 %	32 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	2.3 cmol kg⁻¹	2.7 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹	19.5 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	2.3 cmol kg⁻¹	2.7 cmol kg⁻¹	10.4 cmol kg⁻¹	1.3 cmol kg⁻¹	6.1 cmol kg⁻¹	3.3 cmol kg⁻¹	3.6 cmol kg⁻¹	2.3 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0.5 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	2 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	2 %	1 %	1 %	2 %	1 %	2 %	2 %	2 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1

Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263