Animalia > Chordata > Mammalia > Artiodactyla > Bovidae > Bison > Bison bison

Bison bison (American bison; bison)

Synonyms:
Language: Spanish

Wikipedia Abstract

The American bison (Bison bison), also commonly known as the American buffalo or simply buffalo, is a North American species of bison that once roamed the grasslands of North America in massive herds. They became nearly extinct by a combination of commercial hunting and slaughter in the 19th century and introduction of bovine diseases from domestic cattle, and have made a recent resurgence largely restricted to a few national parks and reserves. Their historical range roughly comprised a triangle between the Great Bear Lake in Canada's far northwest, south to the Mexican states of Durango and Nuevo León, and east to the Atlantic Seaboard of the United States (nearly to the Atlantic tidewater in some areas) from New York to Georgia and per some sources down to Florida. Bison were seen in No
View Wikipedia Record: Bison bison

EDGE Analysis

Uniqueness Scale: Similiar (0) 
3
 Unique (100)
Uniqueness & Vulnerability Scale: Similiar & Secure (0) 
30
 Unique & Vulnerable (100)
ED Score: 6.64
EDGE Score: 2.73
Learn more at EDGE of Existence programme

Attributes

Adult Weight [1]  1,388.92 lbs (630.00 kg)
Birth Weight [1]  44.093 lbs (20.00 kg)
Male Weight [4]  1,612.469 lbs (731.40 kg)
Diet [2]  Herbivore
Diet - Plants [2]  100 %
Forages - Ground [2]  100 %
Female Maturity [1]  2 years 6 months
Male Maturity [1]  2 years 6 months
Gestation [1]  9 months 4 days
Litter Size [1]  1
Litters / Year [1]  1
Maximum Longevity [1]  34 years
Migration [3]  Intracontinental
Snout to Vent Length [4]  9.512 feet (290 cm)
Weaning [1]  8 months 19 days

Ecoregions

Name Countries Ecozone Biome Species Report Climate Land
Use
South Central Rockies forests United States Nearctic Temperate Coniferous Forests

Protected Areas

Ecosystems

Emblem of

Kansas
Manitoba
Oklahoma
United States
Wyoming

Prey / Diet

Prey / Diet Overlap

Predators

Ursus arctos (Grizzly Bear)[6]

Consumers

Range Map

External References

NatureServe Explorer

Citations

Attributes / relations provided by
♦ 1de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774
♦ 2Hamish Wilman, Jonathan Belmaker, Jennifer Simpson, Carolina de la Rosa, Marcelo M. Rivadeneira, and Walter Jetz. 2014. EltonTraits 1.0: Species-level foraging attributes of the world's birds and mammals. Ecology 95:2027
♦ 3Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed February 01, 2010 at animaldiversity.org
♦ 4Nathan P. Myhrvold, Elita Baldridge, Benjamin Chan, Dhileep Sivam, Daniel L. Freeman, and S. K. Morgan Ernest. 2015. An amniote life-history database to perform comparative analyses with birds, mammals, and reptiles. Ecology 96:3109
♦ 5Foraging ecology of bison at the landscape and plant community levels: the applicability of energy maximization principles, Daniel Fortin, John M. Fryxell, Lloyd O’Brodovich, Dan Frandsen, Oecologia (2003) 134:219–227
♦ 6National Geographic Magazine - May 2016 - Yellowstone - The Carnivore Comeback
♦ 7Nunn, C. L., and S. Altizer. 2005. The Global Mammal Parasite Database: An Online Resource for Infectious Disease Records in Wild Primates. Evolutionary Anthroplogy 14:1-2.
♦ 8Gibson, D. I., Bray, R. A., & Harris, E. A. (Compilers) (2005). Host-Parasite Database of the Natural History Museum, London
Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 Wildfinder Database
Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0