Animalia > Chordata > Aves > Passeriformes > Estrildidae > Estrilda > Estrilda astrildEstrilda astrild (Common Waxbill)Synonyms: Loxia astrild (homotypic) The common waxbill (Estrilda astrild), also known as the St Helena waxbill, is a small passerine bird belonging to the estrildid finch family. It is native to sub-Saharan Africa but has been introduced to many other regions of the world and now has an estimated global extent of occurrence of 10,000,000 km2. It is popular and easy to keep in captivity. |
Uniqueness Scale: Similiar (0) Unique (100) Uniqueness & Vulnerability Scale: Similiar & Secure (0) Unique & Vulnerable (100) ED Score: 3.4891 EDGE Score: 1.50165 |
Adult Weight [1] | 9 grams | Birth Weight [2] | 0.7 grams |  | Diet [3] | Granivore | Diet - Seeds [3] | 100 % | Forages - Understory [3] | 50 % | Forages - Ground [3] | 50 % |  | Clutch Size [6] | 5 | Fledging [4] | 17 days | Incubation [5] | 12 days | Mating Display [2] | Ground display | Maximum Longevity [1] | 8 years |
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Name |
Countries |
Ecozone |
Biome |
Species |
Report |
Climate |
Land Use |
Albany thickets |
South Africa |
Afrotropic |
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub |
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Angolan montane forest-grassland mosaic |
Angola |
Afrotropic |
Montane Grasslands and Shrublands |
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Angolan Mopane woodlands |
Angola, Namibia |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Angolan Scarp savanna and woodlands |
Angola |
Afrotropic |
Montane Grasslands and Shrublands |
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Ascension scrub and grasslands |
United Kingdom |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Atlantic Equatorial coastal forests |
Cameroon, Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
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Cantabrian mixed forests |
Spain, Portugal |
Palearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
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Central Zambezian Miombo woodlands |
Tanzania, Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Angola, Zambia, Malawi |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Drakensberg montane grasslands, woodlands and forests |
South Africa, Swaziland, Lesotho |
Afrotropic |
Montane Grasslands and Shrublands |
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|
|
East African montane forests |
Sudan, Kenya, Tanzania |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
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Eastern Arc forests |
Tanzania, Kenya |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
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Eastern Guinean forests |
Ghana, Côte d'Ivoire, Benin, Togo |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
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|
Eastern Miombo woodlands |
Tanzania, Mozambique |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Highveld grasslands |
South Africa |
Afrotropic |
Montane Grasslands and Shrublands |
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Iberian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests |
Spain, Portugal |
Palearctic |
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub |
|
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|
Kalahari Acacia-Baikiaea woodlands |
Botswana, Namibia, Zimbabwe, South Africa |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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|
Kaokoveld desert |
Namibia, Angola |
Afrotropic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
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Maputaland coastal forest mosaic |
Mozambique, Swaziland, South Africa |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
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Nama Karoo |
Namibia, South Africa |
Afrotropic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
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Namib desert |
Namibia |
Afrotropic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
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Namibian savanna woodlands |
Angola, Namibia |
Afrotropic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
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Northeastern Congolian lowland forests |
Cameroon, Central African Republic, Gabon, Republic of the Congo |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
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Northern Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets |
Sudan, Ethiopia, Uganda, Kenya |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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|
|
Northern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic |
Democratic Republic of the Congo, Sudan, Central African Republic, Cameroon |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Northern Zanzibar-Inhambane coastal forest mosaic |
Kenya, Somalia, Tanzania |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
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Northwestern Congolian lowland forests |
Cameroon, Central African Republic, Gabon, Democratic Republic of the Congo |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
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Saharan flooded grasslands |
Sudan |
Afrotropic |
Flooded Grasslands and Savannas |
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Southern Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets |
Tanzania, Kenya |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Southern Africa bushveld |
Botswana, Zimbabwe, South Africa |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Southern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic |
Democratic Republic of the Congo, Angola |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
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|
|
Southern Miombo woodlands |
Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Malawi, Zambia |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Southern Zanzibar-Inhambane coastal forest mosaic |
Mozambique, Tanzania, Malawi, Zimbabwe |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
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|
|
Southwest Iberian Mediterranean sclerophyllous and mixed forests |
Portugal, Spain, France, Italy, Morocco |
Palearctic |
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub |
|
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|
|
Succulent Karoo |
Namibia, South Africa |
Afrotropic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
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|
|
Trindade-Martin Vaz Islands tropical forests |
Brazil |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
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Victoria Basin forest-savanna mosaic |
Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda, Burundi, Kenya |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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West Sudanian savanna |
Senegal, Guinea, Mali, Côte d'Ivoire, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Niger, Nigeria |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Western Congolian forest-savanna mosaic |
Gabon, Congo, Democratic Rep of the Congo, Angola |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Western Congolian swamp forests |
Democratic Republic of the Congo, Congo |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
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Western Guinean lowland forests |
Guinea, Côte d'Ivoire, Liberia, Sierra Leone |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
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Zambezian and Mopane woodlands |
South Africa, Mozambique, Botswana, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Swaziland, Namibia, Malawi |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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|
Name |
IUCN Category |
Area acres |
Location |
Species |
Website |
Climate |
Land Use |
Addo Elephant National Park |
II |
348463 |
Eastern Cape, South Africa |
|
|
|
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Augrabies Falls National Park |
II |
137301 |
Northern Cape, South Africa |
|
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Bamingui-Bangoran Conservation Area National Park |
II |
2783298 |
Central African Republic |
|
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Bayhead Natural Heritage Site |
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Kwazulu Natal, South Africa |
|
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Bluff Nature Reserve Provincial Nature Reserve |
IV |
114 |
Kwazulu Natal, South Africa |
|
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|
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Bontebok National Park |
II |
8315 |
Western Cape, South Africa |
|
|
|
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Chome Catchment Forest Reserve |
IV |
34897 |
Tanzania |
|
|
|
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Daan Viljoen Game Park |
II |
9924 |
Namibia |
|
|
|
|
EMBALSE DE LOS CANCHALES |
|
1483 |
Spain |
|
|
|
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Golden Gate Highlands National Park |
II |
28689 |
Free State, South Africa |
|
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Gombe National Park |
II |
8799 |
Tanzania |
|
|
|
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Hlane Royal National Park |
VI |
30892 |
Swaziland |
|
|
|
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Hwange National Park |
II |
3651385 |
Zimbabwe |
|
|
|
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Itala Game Reserve Provincial Nature Reserve |
II |
72822 |
Kwazulu Natal, South Africa |
|
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Kakamega Forest Reseve Forest Reserve |
|
44820 |
Kenya |
|
|
|
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Kalahari Gemsbok National Park |
II |
2382284 |
Northern Cape, South Africa |
|
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Karoo National Park |
II |
190300 |
Western Cape, South Africa |
|
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Katavi National Park |
II |
1054210 |
Tanzania |
|
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Kenneth Stainbank Nature Reserve Provincial Nature Reserve |
IV |
554 |
Kwazulu Natal, South Africa |
|
|
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Kibale National Park |
II |
196202 |
Uganda |
|
|
|
|
Kogelberg Biosphere Reserve |
II |
256073 |
Western Cape, South Africa |
|
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Krantzkloof Nature Reserve Provincial Nature Reserve |
IV |
1452 |
Kwazulu Natal, South Africa |
|
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Kruger National Park |
II |
4718115 |
Mpumalanga, South Africa |
|
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Kruger to Canyons Biosphere Reserve |
|
|
Mpumalanga, South Africa |
|
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Lake Nakuru National Park |
II |
46472 |
Kenya |
|
|
|
|
Lapalala Wilderness Nature Reserve |
|
88958 |
Limpopo, South Africa |
|
|
|
|
Liwonde National Park |
II |
116740 |
Malawi |
|
|
|
|
Losiminguri Forest Reserve |
|
14815 |
Tanzania |
|
|
|
|
Mahale Mountains National Park |
II |
398414 |
Tanzania |
|
|
|
|
Malindi-Watamu Biosphere Reserve |
|
48433 |
Kenya |
|
|
|
|
Malolotja Nature Reserve |
IV |
42044 |
Swaziland |
|
|
|
|
Marakele National Park |
II |
163507 |
Limpopo, South Africa |
|
|
|
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Mariannwood Nature Reserve |
|
|
South Africa |
|
|
|
|
Minziro Forest Reserve |
|
76954 |
Tanzania |
|
|
|
|
Mlawula Nature Reserve |
IV |
46444 |
Swaziland |
|
|
|
|
Mont Nimba Strict Nature Reserve |
Ia |
11675 |
Côte d'Ivoire |
|
|
|
|
Mountain Zebra National Park |
II |
60944 |
Eastern Cape, South Africa |
|
|
|
|
Nairobi National Park |
II |
16444 |
Kenya |
|
|
|
|
New Germany Nature Reserve |
|
272 |
Kwazulu Natal, South Africa |
|
|
|
|
North Park Nature Reserve Provincial Nature Reserve |
IV |
104 |
Kwazulu Natal, South Africa |
|
|
|
|
Northern Works |
|
|
South Africa |
|
|
|
|
Nylsvley Nature Reserve |
IV |
7698 |
Limpopo, South Africa |
|
|
|
|
Palmiet Nature Reserve |
|
|
Kwazulu Natal, South Africa |
|
|
|
|
Parc National d'Odzala National Park |
II |
3423581 |
Congo |
|
|
|
|
Paul do Boquilobo Biosphere Reserve Nature Reserve |
IV |
1352 |
Portugal |
|
|
|
|
Queen Elizabeth National Park |
II |
522052 |
Uganda |
|
|
|
|
Reserve de Biosphere Cerrado Biosphere Reserve |
II |
1812 |
Parana, Brazil |
|
|
|
|
Richtersveld National Park |
II |
399195 |
Northern Cape, South Africa |
|
|
|
|
Roosfontein Nature Reserve |
|
519 |
Kwazulu Natal, South Africa |
|
|
|
|
Rubondo National Park |
II |
50330 |
Tanzania |
|
|
|
|
Serengeti-Ngorongoro Biosphere Reserve |
|
5696026 |
Tanzania |
|
|
|
|
Shongweni Resources Reserve |
|
42008 |
Kwazulu Natal, South Africa |
|
|
|
|
Silverglen Nature Reserve |
|
566 |
Kwazulu Natal, South Africa |
|
|
|
|
Cape Peninsula National Park |
II |
70141 |
Western Cape, South Africa |
|
|
|
|
Takamanda Forest Reserve National Park |
II |
167041 |
Cameroon |
|
|
|
|
Treasure Beach Nature Reserve |
|
|
Kwazulu Natal, South Africa |
|
|
|
|
Tsavo National Park |
II |
3232255 |
Kenya |
|
|
|
|
Tsitsikamma National Park |
II |
34343 |
Southern Cape, South Africa |
|
|
|
|
Umbogavango Nature Reserve |
|
89 |
Kwazulu Natal, South Africa |
|
|
|
|
Umgeni River Provincial Nature Reserve |
|
2372 |
Kwazulu Natal, South Africa |
|
|
|
|
Umhlanga Lagoon Provincial Nature Reserve |
|
95 |
Kwazulu Natal, South Africa |
|
|
|
|
Virginia Bush Nature Reserve |
|
94 |
Kwazulu Natal, South Africa |
|
|
|
|
Waterberg Biosphere Reserve |
|
1024427 |
Limpopo, South Africa |
|
|
|
|
Weenen Nature Reserve |
|
|
Kwazulu Natal, South Africa |
|
|
|
|
West Caprivi Game Reserve Game Park |
VI |
1448182 |
Namibia |
|
|
|
|
West Coast National Park |
II |
59916 |
Western Cape, South Africa |
|
|
|
|
Wilderness National Park |
II |
5929 |
Western Cape, South Africa |
|
|
|
|
Name |
Location |
Endemic |
Species |
Website |
Coastal Forests of Eastern Africa |
Kenya, Mozambique, Somalia, Tanzania |
No |
|
|
Eastern Afromontane |
Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Tanzania, Uganda, Yemen, Zimbabwe |
No |
|
|
Guinean Forests of West Africa |
Benin, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Nigeria, São Tomé and Príncipe, Sierra Leone, Togo |
No |
|
|
Maputaland-Pondoland-Albany |
Mozambique, South Africa, Swaziland |
No |
|
|
Mediterranean Basin |
Algeria, Egypt, France, Greece, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Portugal, Spain, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey |
No |
|
|
Succulent Karoo |
Namibia, South Africa |
No |
|
|
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 Attributes / relations provided by ♦ 1Storchová, Lenka; Hořák, David (2018), Data from: Life-history characteristics of European birds, Dryad, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.n6k3n ♦ 2Terje Lislevand, Jordi Figuerola, and Tamás Székely. 2007. Avian body sizes in relation to fecundity, mating system, display behavior, and resource sharing. Ecology 88:1605 ♦ 3Hamish Wilman, Jonathan Belmaker, Jennifer Simpson, Carolina de la Rosa, Marcelo M. Rivadeneira, and Walter Jetz. 2014. EltonTraits 1.0: Species-level foraging attributes of the world's birds and mammals. Ecology 95:2027 ♦ 4Nathan P. Myhrvold, Elita Baldridge, Benjamin Chan, Dhileep Sivam, Daniel L. Freeman, and S. K. Morgan Ernest. 2015. An amniote life-history database to perform comparative analyses with birds, mammals, and reptiles. Ecology 96:3109 ♦ 5del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. ♦ 6Jetz W, Sekercioglu CH, Böhning-Gaese K (2008) The Worldwide Variation in Avian Clutch Size across Species and Space PLoS Biol 6(12): e303. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0060303 Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 Wildfinder Database |
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0
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