Animalia > Chordata > Aves > Pelecaniformes > Threskiornithidae > Platalea > Platalea albaPlatalea alba (African Spoonbill)Synonyms: Platalea tenuirostris The African spoonbill (Platalea alba) is a long-legged wading bird of the ibis and spoonbill family Threskiornithidae. The species is widespread across Africa and Madagascar, including Botswana, Kenya, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, and Zimbabwe. |
Uniqueness Scale: Similiar (0) Unique (100) Uniqueness & Vulnerability Scale: Similiar & Secure (0) Unique & Vulnerable (100) ED Score: 18.1008 EDGE Score: 2.94973 |
Adult Weight [1] | 3.353 lbs (1.521 kg) | Female Weight [3] | 3.946 lbs (1.79 kg) |  | Diet [2] | Carnivore (Invertebrates), Piscivore | Diet - Fish [2] | 50 % | Diet - Invertibrates [2] | 50 % | Forages - Water Surface [2] | 100 % |  | Clutch Size [5] | 2 | Fledging [3] | 35 days | Incubation [4] | 27 days | Maximum Longevity [1] | 18 years | Snout to Vent Length [3] | 36 inches (91 cm) |
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Name |
Countries |
Ecozone |
Biome |
Species |
Report |
Climate |
Land Use |
Albany thickets |
South Africa |
Afrotropic |
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub |
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Albertine Rift montane forests |
Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi,Tanzania |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
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Angolan Miombo woodlands |
Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Angolan Mopane woodlands |
Angola, Namibia |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Atlantic Equatorial coastal forests |
Cameroon, Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
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Cameroonian Highlands forests |
Cameroon, Nigeria |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
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Cross-Niger transition forests |
Nigeria |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
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Cross-Sanaga-Bioko coastal forests |
Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Nigeria |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
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Drakensberg alti-montane grasslands and woodlands |
South Africa |
Afrotropic |
Montane Grasslands and Shrublands |
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Drakensberg montane grasslands, woodlands and forests |
South Africa, Swaziland, Lesotho |
Afrotropic |
Montane Grasslands and Shrublands |
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East African montane forests |
Sudan, Kenya, Tanzania |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
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East Sudanian savanna |
Chad, Central African Republic, Sudan, Ethiopia, Uganda |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Eastern Arc forests |
Tanzania, Kenya |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
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Eastern Guinean forests |
Ghana, Côte d'Ivoire, Benin, Togo |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
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|
Eastern Miombo woodlands |
Tanzania, Mozambique |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Eastern Zimbabwe montane forest-grassland mosaic |
Zimbabwe, Mozambique |
Afrotropic |
Montane Grasslands and Shrublands |
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Eritrean coastal desert |
Eritrea |
Afrotropic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
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Ethiopian montane forests |
Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somalia, Sudan |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
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Ethiopian montane grasslands and woodlands |
Ethiopia, Eritrea |
Afrotropic |
Montane Grasslands and Shrublands |
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Ethiopian montane moorlands |
Ethiopia |
Afrotropic |
Montane Grasslands and Shrublands |
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Ethiopian xeric grasslands and shrublands |
Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somalia |
Afrotropic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
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|
Guinean forest-savanna mosaic |
Nigeria, Benin, Togo, Ghana, Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Guinea-Bissau, Gambia, Senegal |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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|
|
Guinean montane forests |
Guinea, Côte d'Ivoire, Liberia, Sierra Leone |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
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|
Highveld grasslands |
South Africa |
Afrotropic |
Montane Grasslands and Shrublands |
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Inner Niger Delta flooded savanna |
Mali |
Afrotropic |
Flooded Grasslands and Savannas |
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Itigi-Sumbu thicket |
Tanzania, Zambia |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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|
Kalahari Acacia-Baikiaea woodlands |
Botswana, Namibia, Zimbabwe, South Africa |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Kalahari xeric savanna |
Botswana, Namibia, South Africa |
Afrotropic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
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Knysna-Amatole montane forests |
South Africa |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
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KwaZulu-Cape coastal forest mosaic |
South Africa |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
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|
Lake Chad flooded savanna |
Nigeria, Chad, Niger |
Afrotropic |
Flooded Grasslands and Savannas |
|
|
|
|
Lowland fynbos and renosterveld |
South Africa |
Afrotropic |
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub |
|
|
|
|
Madagascar dry deciduous forests |
Madagascar |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
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|
Madagascar mangroves |
Madagascar |
Afrotropic |
Mangroves |
|
|
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|
Madagascar succulent woodlands |
Madagascar |
Afrotropic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Mandara Plateau mosaic |
Cameroon, Nigeria |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
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|
Maputaland coastal forest mosaic |
Mozambique, Swaziland, South Africa |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
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|
|
Maputaland-Pondoland bushland and thickets |
South Africa |
Afrotropic |
Montane Grasslands and Shrublands |
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Masai xeric grasslands and shrublands |
Kenya |
Afrotropic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
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Montane fynbos and renosterveld |
South Africa |
Afrotropic |
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub |
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Mount Cameroon and Bioko montane forests |
Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
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Nama Karoo |
Namibia, South Africa |
Afrotropic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
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Namibian savanna woodlands |
Angola, Namibia |
Afrotropic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
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Niger Delta swamp forests |
Nigeria |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
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Nigerian lowland forests |
Nigeria, Benin |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
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Northeastern Congolian lowland forests |
Cameroon, Central African Republic, Gabon, Republic of the Congo |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
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Northern Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets |
Sudan, Ethiopia, Uganda, Kenya |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Northern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic |
Democratic Republic of the Congo, Sudan, Central African Republic, Cameroon |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Northern Zanzibar-Inhambane coastal forest mosaic |
Kenya, Somalia, Tanzania |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
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Northwestern Congolian lowland forests |
Cameroon, Central African Republic, Gabon, Democratic Republic of the Congo |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
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Rwenzori-Virunga montane moorlands |
Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, Rwanda |
Afrotropic |
Montane Grasslands and Shrublands |
|
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Saharan flooded grasslands |
Sudan |
Afrotropic |
Flooded Grasslands and Savannas |
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Sahelian Acacia savanna |
Senegal, Mauritania, Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger, Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad, Sudan, Eritrea, Ethiopia |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Serengeti volcanic grasslands |
Tanzania |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Somali Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets |
Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Sudan |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
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|
South Malawi montane forest-grassland mosaic |
Malawi, Mozambique |
Afrotropic |
Montane Grasslands and Shrublands |
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Southern Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets |
Tanzania, Kenya |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Southern Africa bushveld |
Botswana, Zimbabwe, South Africa |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Southern Miombo woodlands |
Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Malawi, Zambia |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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|
Southern Rift montane forest-grassland mosaic |
Malawi, Tanzania |
Afrotropic |
Montane Grasslands and Shrublands |
|
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Southern Zanzibar-Inhambane coastal forest mosaic |
Mozambique, Tanzania, Malawi, Zimbabwe |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
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|
Succulent Karoo |
Namibia, South Africa |
Afrotropic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
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|
Victoria Basin forest-savanna mosaic |
Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda, Burundi, Kenya |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
West Sudanian savanna |
Senegal, Guinea, Mali, Côte d'Ivoire, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Niger, Nigeria |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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|
|
|
Western Congolian forest-savanna mosaic |
Gabon, Congo, Democratic Rep of the Congo, Angola |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Western Guinean lowland forests |
Guinea, Côte d'Ivoire, Liberia, Sierra Leone |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Western Zambezian grasslands |
Angola, Zambia |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Zambezian and Mopane woodlands |
South Africa, Mozambique, Botswana, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Swaziland, Namibia, Malawi |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Zambezian Baikiaea woodlands |
Angola, Namibia, Botswana, Zambia, Zimbabwe |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Zambezian coastal flooded savanna |
Mozambique |
Afrotropic |
Flooded Grasslands and Savannas |
|
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Zambezian Cryptosepalum dry forests |
Zambia |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Zambezian flooded grasslands |
Angola, Botswana, Democratic Republic of Congo, Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, Zambia |
Afrotropic |
Flooded Grasslands and Savannas |
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|
Name |
IUCN Category |
Area acres |
Location |
Species |
Website |
Climate |
Land Use |
Addo Elephant National Park |
II |
348463 |
Eastern Cape, South Africa |
|
|
|
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Amboseli National Park National Reserve |
II |
99624 |
Kenya |
|
|
|
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Banc d'Arguin National Park |
II |
2949017 |
Mauritania |
|
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Bayhead Natural Heritage Site |
|
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Kwazulu Natal, South Africa |
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Bluff Nature Reserve Provincial Nature Reserve |
IV |
114 |
Kwazulu Natal, South Africa |
|
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Bontebok National Park |
II |
8315 |
Western Cape, South Africa |
|
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|
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Daan Viljoen Game Park |
II |
9924 |
Namibia |
|
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|
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Diawling National Park |
II |
163983 |
Mauritania |
|
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|
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Etosha National Park |
II |
5699141 |
Namibia |
|
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|
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Golden Gate Highlands National Park |
II |
28689 |
Free State, South Africa |
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Hlane Royal National Park |
VI |
30892 |
Swaziland |
|
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|
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Hwange National Park |
II |
3651385 |
Zimbabwe |
|
|
|
|
Kalahari Gemsbok National Park |
II |
2382284 |
Northern Cape, South Africa |
|
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Karoo National Park |
II |
190300 |
Western Cape, South Africa |
|
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Katavi National Park |
II |
1054210 |
Tanzania |
|
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Kenneth Stainbank Nature Reserve Provincial Nature Reserve |
IV |
554 |
Kwazulu Natal, South Africa |
|
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Kiunga Marine National Reserve |
VI |
60208 |
Kenya |
|
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Kora National Park |
II |
409762 |
Kenya |
|
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Kruger National Park |
II |
4718115 |
Mpumalanga, South Africa |
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Kruger to Canyons Biosphere Reserve |
|
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Mpumalanga, South Africa |
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La Réserve Naturelle Intégrale d' Ankarafantsika National Park |
II |
335701 |
Madagascar |
|
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|
Lake Manyara National Park |
II |
78767 |
Tanzania |
|
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Lake Nakuru National Park |
II |
46472 |
Kenya |
|
|
|
|
Lapalala Wilderness Nature Reserve |
|
88958 |
Limpopo, South Africa |
|
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Mahale Mountains National Park |
II |
398414 |
Tanzania |
|
|
|
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Malindi-Watamu Biosphere Reserve |
|
48433 |
Kenya |
|
|
|
|
Malolotja Nature Reserve |
IV |
42044 |
Swaziland |
|
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Marakele National Park |
II |
163507 |
Limpopo, South Africa |
|
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Mlawula Nature Reserve |
IV |
46444 |
Swaziland |
|
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Mount Kulal Biosphere Reserve |
|
1729738 |
Kenya |
|
|
|
|
Mountain Zebra National Park |
II |
60944 |
Eastern Cape, South Africa |
|
|
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Nairobi National Park |
II |
16444 |
Kenya |
|
|
|
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Nechisar National Park |
II |
256137 |
Ethiopia |
|
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|
|
North Park Nature Reserve Provincial Nature Reserve |
IV |
104 |
Kwazulu Natal, South Africa |
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Northern Works |
|
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South Africa |
|
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Nylsvley Nature Reserve |
IV |
7698 |
Limpopo, South Africa |
|
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Queen Elizabeth National Park |
II |
522052 |
Uganda |
|
|
|
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Richtersveld National Park |
II |
399195 |
Northern Cape, South Africa |
|
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|
Rubondo National Park |
II |
50330 |
Tanzania |
|
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|
|
Serengeti-Ngorongoro Biosphere Reserve |
|
5696026 |
Tanzania |
|
|
|
|
Shongweni Resources Reserve |
|
42008 |
Kwazulu Natal, South Africa |
|
|
|
|
Silverglen Nature Reserve |
|
566 |
Kwazulu Natal, South Africa |
|
|
|
|
South Luangwa National Park |
II |
2220358 |
Zambia |
|
|
|
|
Cape Peninsula National Park |
II |
70141 |
Western Cape, South Africa |
|
|
|
|
Tsavo National Park |
II |
3232255 |
Kenya |
|
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|
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Tsitsikamma National Park |
II |
34343 |
Southern Cape, South Africa |
|
|
|
|
Umbogavango Nature Reserve |
|
89 |
Kwazulu Natal, South Africa |
|
|
|
|
Umgeni River Provincial Nature Reserve |
|
2372 |
Kwazulu Natal, South Africa |
|
|
|
|
Waterberg Biosphere Reserve |
|
1024427 |
Limpopo, South Africa |
|
|
|
|
Weenen Nature Reserve |
|
|
Kwazulu Natal, South Africa |
|
|
|
|
West Caprivi Game Reserve Game Park |
VI |
1448182 |
Namibia |
|
|
|
|
West Coast National Park |
II |
59916 |
Western Cape, South Africa |
|
|
|
|
Wilderness National Park |
II |
5929 |
Western Cape, South Africa |
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|
Name |
Location |
IBA Criteria |
Website |
Climate |
Land Use |
Arquipélago dos Bijagós |
Guinea-Bissau |
A4i, A4iii |
|
|
|
Bangweulu swamps |
Zambia |
A1, A3, A4i |
|
|
|
Barotse flood-plain |
Zambia |
A1, A4i |
|
|
|
Diawling National Park |
Mauritania |
A1, A3, A4i, A4iii |
|
|
|
Iles Tristao |
Guinea |
A1, A4i, A4iii |
|
|
|
Kafue flats |
Zambia |
A1, A3, A4i, A4iii |
|
|
|
Kafue National Park |
Zambia |
A1, A2, A3, A4i, A4ii |
|
|
|
Lac de Guiers |
Senegal |
A1, A4i |
|
|
|
Lac Débo: Lac Oualado Débo |
Mali |
A3, A4i, A4iii |
|
|
|
Lac Fati |
Mali |
A1, A4i |
|
|
|
Lake Chilwa and flood-plain |
Malawi |
A1, A4i, A4iii |
|
|
|
Lake Elmenteita |
Kenya |
A1, A2, A4i, A4iii |
|
|
|
Lake Eyasi |
Tanzania |
A1, A4i, A4iii |
|
|
|
Lake Fitri |
Chad |
A1, A4i, A4iii |
|
|
|
Lake Naivasha |
Kenya |
A1, A2, A4i, A4iii |
|
|
|
Lake Nakuru National Park |
Kenya |
A1, A2, A4i, A4iii |
|
|
|
Lake Ngami |
Botswana |
A1, A3, A4i, A4ii, A4iii |
|
|
|
Lake St Lucia and Mkuze swamps |
South Africa |
A1, A2, A3, A4i, A4iii |
|
|
|
Linyanti swamp/Chobe river |
Botswana |
A1, A3, A4i |
|
|
|
Liuwa Plain National Park |
Zambia |
A1, A3, A4i |
|
|
|
Lower Berg river wetlands |
South Africa |
A4i, A4iii |
|
|
|
Makgadikgadi Pans |
Botswana |
A1, A3, A4i, A4iii |
|
|
|
Manambolomaty wetland complex and Tsimembo Classified Forest |
Madagascar |
A1, A2, A3, A4i |
|
|
|
Mtera reservoir |
Tanzania |
A4i |
|
|
|
Nyl river flood-plain |
South Africa |
A1, A4i, A4iii |
|
|
|
Okavango Delta |
Botswana |
A1, A3, A4i, A4ii, A4iii |
|
|
|
Richards Bay Game Reserve |
South Africa |
A1, A4i, A4iii |
|
|
|
Sandveld and Bloemhof Dam Nature Reserves |
South Africa |
A1, A4i |
|
|
|
South Luangwa National Park |
Zambia |
A1, A3, A4i, A4ii |
|
|
|
Spitskop Dam |
South Africa |
A1, A4i |
|
|
|
Tana River Delta |
Kenya |
A1, A3, A4i, A4iii |
|
|
|
Wembere steppe |
Tanzania |
A1, A2, A3, A4i, A4iii |
|
|
|
Yawri Bay |
Sierra Leone |
A4i, A4iii |
|
|
|
|
Name |
Location |
Endemic |
Species |
Website |
Cape Floristic Region |
South Africa |
No |
|
|
Coastal Forests of Eastern Africa |
Kenya, Mozambique, Somalia, Tanzania |
No |
|
|
Eastern Afromontane |
Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Tanzania, Uganda, Yemen, Zimbabwe |
No |
|
|
Guinean Forests of West Africa |
Benin, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Nigeria, São Tomé and Príncipe, Sierra Leone, Togo |
No |
|
|
Horn of Africa |
Djibouti, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Kenya, Oman, Somalia, Yemen |
No |
|
|
Madagascar and the Indian Ocean Islands |
Comoros, Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles |
No |
|
|
Maputaland-Pondoland-Albany |
Mozambique, South Africa, Swaziland |
No |
|
|
Succulent Karoo |
Namibia, South Africa |
No |
|
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 Attributes / relations provided by ♦ 1de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774 ♦ 2Hamish Wilman, Jonathan Belmaker, Jennifer Simpson, Carolina de la Rosa, Marcelo M. Rivadeneira, and Walter Jetz. 2014. EltonTraits 1.0: Species-level foraging attributes of the world's birds and mammals. Ecology 95:2027 ♦ 3Nathan P. Myhrvold, Elita Baldridge, Benjamin Chan, Dhileep Sivam, Daniel L. Freeman, and S. K. Morgan Ernest. 2015. An amniote life-history database to perform comparative analyses with birds, mammals, and reptiles. Ecology 96:3109 ♦ 4del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. ♦ 5Jetz W, Sekercioglu CH, Böhning-Gaese K (2008) The Worldwide Variation in Avian Clutch Size across Species and Space PLoS Biol 6(12): e303. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0060303 Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 Wildfinder Database |
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0
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