Plantae > Tracheophyta > Magnoliopsida > Fagales > Fagaceae > Quercus > Quercus cocciferaQuercus coccifera (Kermes Oak)Synonyms: Ilex aculeata; Quercus aquifolia (homotypic); Quercus arcuata (homotypic); Quercus brachybalanos (homotypic); Quercus calliprinos; Quercus calliprinos var. arcuata (homotypic); Quercus calliprinos var. brachybalanos; Quercus calliprinos var. consobrina; Quercus calliprinos var. dipsacina; Quercus calliprinos var. dispar; Quercus calliprinos var. eigii; Quercus calliprinos var. eucalliprinos; Quercus calliprinos var. fenzlii; Quercus calliprinos var. inops; Quercus calliprinos var. integrifolia; Quercus calliprinos var. leptolepis; Quercus calliprinos var. pachybalanos; Quercus calliprinos var. palaestina; Quercus calliprinos var. palaestrino; Quercus calliprinos var. puberula; Quercus calliprinos var. recurvans; Quercus calliprinos var. rigida; Quercus calliprinos var. subaquifolia; Quercus calliprinos var. subglobosa; Quercus calliprinos var. valida; Quercus chainolepis (homotypic); Quercus coccifera arcuata; Quercus coccifera calliprinos; Quercus coccifera cryptocarpa; Quercus coccifera f. brevicupulata; Quercus coccifera f. crassicupulata; Quercus coccifera f. densispinosa; Quercus coccifera f. dolichocarpa; Quercus coccifera f. echinata; Quercus coccifera f. exserta; Quercus coccifera f. genuina; Quercus coccifera f. imbricata; Quercus coccifera f. inclusa; Quercus coccifera f. integrifolia; Quercus coccifera f. lanceolata; Quercus coccifera f. latifolia; Quercus coccifera f. laxispinosa; Quercus coccifera f. macrocarpa; Quercus coccifera f. microphylla; Quercus coccifera f. piriformis; Quercus coccifera f. pseudococcifera; Quercus coccifera f. puberula; Quercus coccifera f. sphaerocarpa; Quercus coccifera f. subinclusa; Quercus coccifera f. subintegrifolia; Quercus coccifera f. tomentosa; Quercus coccifera kryptocarpa; Quercus coccifera mesto; Quercus coccifera palaestina; Quercus coccifera pseudococcifera; Quercus coccifera rivasmartinezii; Quercus coccifera var. adpressa; Quercus coccifera var. angustata; Quercus coccifera var. brachycarpa; Quercus coccifera var. brevicupulata; Quercus coccifera var. calliprinos; Quercus coccifera var. corcyrensis; Quercus coccifera var. crassicupulata; Quercus coccifera var. dolichocarpa; Quercus coccifera var. echinata; Quercus coccifera var. imbricata; Quercus coccifera var. integrifolia; Quercus coccifera var. lanceolata; Quercus coccifera var. latifolia; Quercus coccifera var. macrocarpa; Quercus coccifera var. microcarpa; Quercus coccifera var. microphylla; Quercus coccifera var. ortholepis; Quercus coccifera var. palaestina; Quercus coccifera var. pseudococcifera; Quercus coccifera var. refracta; Quercus coccifera var. rigida; Quercus coccifera var. stenocarpa; Quercus coccifera var. tomentosa; Quercus coccifera var. ubrellifera; Quercus coccifera var. vera; Quercus consobrina (homotypic); Quercus cretica (heterotypic); Quercus dipsacina; Quercus dispar (heterotypic); Quercus echinata (heterotypic); Quercus fenzlii; Quercus inops (heterotypic); Quercus mesto; Quercus obtecta; Quercus palaestina; Quercus pentadactyla; Quercus pseudococcifera; Quercus pseudorigida (homotypic); Quercus recurvans; Quercus rigida (heterotypic); Quercus rivasmartinezii; Quercus sibthorpii (homotypic); Quercus valida (heterotypic); Scolodrys rigida Quercus coccifera, the kermes oak, is an oak in the Quercus section Cerris. It is native to the Mediterranean region and Northern African Maghreb, south to north from Morocco to France and west to east from Portugal to Cyprus and Turkey, crossing Spain, Italy, Libya, Balkans, and Greece, including Crete. The Kermes Oak was historically important as the food plant of the Kermes scale insect, from which a red dye called crimson was obtained. The etymology of the specific name 'coccifera' is related to the production of red cochineal (crimson) dye and derived from Latin coccum which was from Greek κὀκκος, the kermes insect. The Latin -fera means 'bearer'. |
| Dispersal Mode [2] | Hoarding, Endozoochory, Zoochory | | Edible [1] | May be edible. See the Plants For A Future link below for details. | | Flower Type [1] | Monoecious | | Leaf Type [1] | Evergreen | | Pollinators [1] | Wind | | Structure [1] | Shrub | | Usage [1] | A mulch of the leaves repels slugs, grubs etc, though fresh leaves should not be used as these can inhibit plant growth;
Oak galls are excrescences that are sometimes produced in great numbers on the tree and are caused by the activity of the larvae of different insects. The insects live inside these galls, obtaining their nutrient therein. When the insect pupates and leaves, the gall can be used as a rich source of tannin, that can also be used as a dyestuff;
The bark is rich in tannin;
A black dye can be obtained from the bark; |  | | Height [1] | 13.12 feet (4 m) | | Width [1] | 13.12 feet (4 m) |
View Plants For A Future Record : Quercus coccifera |
Attributes / relations provided by ♦ 1Plants For A Future licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License♦ 2Paula S, Arianoutsou M, Kazanis D, Tavsanoglu Ç, Lloret F, Buhk C, Ojeda F, Luna B, Moreno JM, Rodrigo A, Espelta JM, Palacio S, Fernández-Santos B, Fernandes PM, and Pausas JG. 2009. Fire-related traits for plant species of the Mediterranean Basin. Ecology 90: 1420. Paula S. & Pausas J.G. 2013. BROT: a plant trait database for Mediterranean Basin species. Version 2013.06. ♦ 3Biological Records Centre Database of Insects and their Food Plants♦ 4Ben-Dov, Y., Miller, D.R. & Gibson, G.A.P. ScaleNet 4 November 2009 ♦ 5HOSTS - a Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants Gaden S. Robinson, Phillip R. Ackery, Ian J. Kitching, George W. Beccaloni AND Luis M. Hernández |
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0
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