Plantae > Tracheophyta > Magnoliopsida > Lamiales > Acanthaceae > Avicennia > Avicennia germinans

Avicennia germinans (black mangrove)

Synonyms:

Wikipedia Abstract

The black mangrove (Avicennia germinans), is a species of flowering plant in the acanthus family, Acanthaceae. It grows in tropical and subtropical regions of the Americas, on both the Atlantic and Pacific coasts, and on the Atlantic coast of tropical Africa, where it thrives on the sandy and muddy shores that seawater reaches. It is common throughout coastal areas of Texas and Florida, and ranges as far north as southern Louisiana and coastal Georgia in the United States.
View Wikipedia Record: Avicennia germinans

Attributes

Bloom Period [1]  Indeterminate
Drought Tolerance [1]  Low
Fire Tolerance [1]  Low
Frost Free Days [1]  10 months 28 days
Fruit/Seed Abundance [1]  High
Fruit/Seed Begin [1]  Year Round
Fruit/Seed End [1]  Year Round
Growth Form [1]  Single Stem
Growth Period [1]  Year Round
Growth Rate [1]  Rapid
Hazards [1]  Slight Toxicity
Leaf Type [2]  Evergreen
Lifespan [1]  Perennial
Propagation [1]  Bare Root, Container, Seed
Root Depth [1]  24 inches (61 cm)
Seed Spread Rate [1]  Rapid
Seed Vigor [1]  High
Shape/Orientation [1]  Vase
Specific Gravity [3]  0.78
Structure [2]  Tree
Vegetative Spread Rate [1]  None
Flower Color [1]  White
Foliage Color [1]  Dark Green
Fruit Color [1]  Green
Fall Conspicuous [1]  Yes
Flower Conspicuous [1]  Yes
Fruit Conspicuous [1]  Yes
Height [1]  30 feet (9.1 m)
Hardiness Zone Minimum [1]  USDA Zone: 8 Low Temperature: 10 F° (-12.2 C°) → 20 F° (-6.7 C°)
Light Preference [1]  Full Sun
Soil Acidity [1]  Neutral
Soil Fertility [1]  Infertile
Water Use [1]  High
Screening - Summer [1]  Dense
Screening - Winter [1]  Dense

Protected Areas

Predators

Providers

Pollinated by 
Apis mellifera (honey bee)[5]
Paratrechina longicornis (crazy ant)[9]
Tapinoma melanocephalum (Ghost ant)[9]

Range Map

External References

USDA Plant Profile

NatureServe Explorer

Citations

Attributes / relations provided by
♦ 1USDA Plants Database, U. S. Department of Agriculture
♦ 2Kattge, J. et al. (2011b) TRY - a global database of plant traits Global Change Biology 17:2905-2935
♦ 3Jérôme Chave, Helene C. Muller-Landau, Timothy R. Baker, Tomás A. Easdale, Hans ter Steege, Campbell O. Webb, 2006. Regional and phylogenetic variation of wood density across 2,456 neotropical tree species. Ecological Applications 16(6), 2356 - 2367
♦ 4FORAGING ECOLOGY OF PARROTS IN A MODIFIED LANDSCAPE: SEASONAL TRENDS AND INTRODUCED SPECIES, GREG D. MATUZAK, M. BERNADETTE BEZY, AND DONALD J. BRIGHTSMITH, The Wilson Journal of Ornithology 120(2):353–365, 2008
♦ 5Jorrit H. Poelen, James D. Simons and Chris J. Mungall. (2014). Global Biotic Interactions: An open infrastructure to share and analyze species-interaction datasets. Ecological Informatics.
♦ 6Ben-Dov, Y., Miller, D.R. & Gibson, G.A.P. ScaleNet 4 November 2009
♦ 7Biological Records Centre Database of Insects and their Food Plants
♦ 8del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
♦ 9Flower-visiting insects of the Galapagos Islands, McCullen, C. K. 1993. Pan-Pacific Entomologist 69:95-106
Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0