Plantae > Tracheophyta > Magnoliopsida > Sapindales > Burseraceae > Bursera > Bursera arborea

Bursera arborea (gumbo limbo; gumbo-limbo; west indian birch)

Synonyms: Elaphrium arboreum

Attributes

Air Quality Improvement [1]  Low
Allergen Potential [1]  Medium
Carbon Capture [1]  Low
Screening - Summer [2]  Dense
Screening - Winter [2]  Moderate
Shade Percentage [1]  86 %
Temperature Reduction [1]  Medium-Low
Wind Reduction [1]  Medium-Low
Bloom Period [2]  Spring
Drought Tolerance [2]  High
Frost Free Days [2]  1 year
Fruit/Seed Begin [2]  Summer
Fruit/Seed End [2]  Summer
Growth Period [2]  Spring
Growth Rate [2]  Rapid
Janka Hardness [4]  370 lbf (168 kgf) Very Soft
Leaf Type [3]  Deciduous
Lifespan [2]  Perennial
Propagation [2]  Cutting, Seed
Root Depth [2]  36 inches (91 cm)
Shape/Orientation [2]  Rounded
Specific Gravity [5]  0.34
Structure [3]  Tree
Flower Color [2]  Green
Foliage Color [2]  Green
Fruit Color [2]  Red
Flower Conspicuous [2]  Yes
Height [1]  37 feet (11.4 m)
Width [1]  43 feet (13 m)
Hardiness Zone Minimum [1]  USDA Zone: 10 Low Temperature: 30 F° (-1.1 C°) → 40 F° (4.4 C°)
Hardiness Zone Maximum [1]  USDA Zone: 11 Low Temperature: 40 F° (4.4 C°) → 50 F° (10 C°)
Light Preference [2]  Mostly Shady
Soil Acidity [2]  Neutral
Soil Fertility [2]  Intermediate
Water Use [1]  Moderate

Protected Areas

Predators

Providers

Pollinated by 
Apis mellifera (honey bee)[15]

External References

USDA Plant Profile

Citations

Attributes / relations provided by
♦ 1i-Tree Species v. 4.0, developed by the USDA Forest Service's Northern Research Station and SUNY-ESF using the Horticopia, Inc. plant database.
♦ 2USDA Plants Database, U. S. Department of Agriculture
♦ 3Kattge, J. et al. (2011b) TRY - a global database of plant traits Global Change Biology 17:2905-2935
♦ 4Wood Janka Hardness Scale/Chart J W Morlan's Unique Wood Gifts
♦ 5Wood Technology Transfer Fact Sheets U.S. Department of Agriculture - Forest Service
♦ 6Flexibility in Diets of Three Species of Costa Rican Primates, Colin Chapman, Folia primatol. 49: 90-105 (1987)
♦ 7FORAGING ECOLOGY OF PARROTS IN A MODIFIED LANDSCAPE: SEASONAL TRENDS AND INTRODUCED SPECIES, GREG D. MATUZAK, M. BERNADETTE BEZY, AND DONALD J. BRIGHTSMITH, The Wilson Journal of Ornithology 120(2):353–365, 2008
♦ 8Host-plant selection, diet diversity, and optimal foraging in a tropical leafcutting ant, L.L. Rockwood and S.P. Hubbell, Oecologia (Berlin) (1987) 74:55-61
♦ 9HOSTS - a Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants Gaden S. Robinson, Phillip R. Ackery, Ian J. Kitching, George W. Beccaloni AND Luis M. Hernández
♦ 10Ben-Dov, Y., Miller, D.R. & Gibson, G.A.P. ScaleNet 4 November 2009
♦ 11Optimal foraging of a herbivorous lizard, the green iguana in a seasonal environment, Wouter D. van Marken Lichtenbelt, Oecologia (1993) 95: 246-256
♦ 12Avian fruit preferences across a Puerto Rican forested landscape: pattern consistency and implications for seed removal, Tomás A. Carlo, Jaime A. Collazo and Martha J. Groom, Oecologia (2003) 134:119–131
♦ 13NOTES ON THE DIET OF THE CRIMSON-COLLARED GROSBEAK (RHODOTHRAUPIS CELAENO) IN NORTHEASTERN MEXICO, Jack Clinton Eitniear & Alvaro Aragon Tapia, ORNITOLOGIA NEOTROPICAL 11: 363–364, 2000
♦ 14Red Siskin, BirdLife International (1992) Threatened Birds of the Americas. Cambridge, UK: BirdLife International.
♦ 15Jorrit H. Poelen, James D. Simons and Chris J. Mungall. (2014). Global Biotic Interactions: An open infrastructure to share and analyze species-interaction datasets. Ecological Informatics.
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0