Plantae > Tracheophyta > Magnoliopsida > Asterales > Campanulaceae > Campanula > Campanula americanaCampanula americana (American bellflower)Synonyms: Campanula acuminata; Campanula americana f. albiflora; Campanula americana f. americana; Campanula americana f. tubuliflora; Campanula americana var. americana; Campanula americana var. illinoensis; Campanula americana var. subulata; Campanula asteroides; Campanula declinata; Campanula illinoense; Campanula illinoensis; Campanula nitida; Campanula obliqua; Campanula pauciflora (heterotypic); Campanula planiflora (heterotypic); Campanula subulata (heterotypic); Campanulastrum americanum (homotypic); Campanulastrum americanum var. illinoense; Phyteuma americanum (homotypic); Specularia americana (homotypic) Campanula americana, the American bellflower, is a tall bellflower native to eastern North America from the Great Lakes region south to Florida and from the Dakotas east to New York. This native plant is an annual or biennial from 2-6' tall. Its flowers are light blue to violet and are usually arranged in elongated clusters. It is an unusual bellflower in that its flowers are usually flat and not bell-shaped. It has a varying life-history with seeds germinating in the fall producing annual plants and spring-germinating seeds producing biennial plants. It is generally insect-pollinated, and does not usually self-pollinate. |
Allergen Potential [1] | Low | Screening - Summer [2] | Porous | Screening - Winter [2] | Porous |  | Bloom Period [2] | Summer | Drought Tolerance [2] | Low | Fire Tolerance [2] | None | Frost Free Days [2] | 5 months 10 days | Fruit/Seed Abundance [2] | Low | Fruit/Seed Begin [2] | Summer | Fruit/Seed End [2] | Fall | Growth Form [2] | Single Crown | Growth Period [2] | Spring, Summer, Fall | Growth Rate [2] | Rapid | Leaf Type [2] | Deciduous | Lifespan [2] | Annual | Propagation [2] | Container, Seed | Regrowth Rate [2] | Slow | Root Depth [2] | 8 inches (20 cm) | Seed Spread Rate [2] | Slow | Seed Vigor [2] | Medium | Seeds Per [2] | 699999 / lb (1543234 / kg) | Shape/Orientation [2] | Erect | Structure [3] | Herb | Vegetative Spread Rate [2] | None |  | Flower Color [2] | Blue | Foliage Color [2] | Green | Fruit Color [2] | Brown |  | Flower Conspicuous [2] | Yes |  | Height [2] | 5.904 feet (1.8 m) |  | Hardiness Zone Minimum [2] | USDA Zone: 12 Low Temperature: 50 F° (10 C°) → 55 F° (12.8 C°) | Light Preference [2] | Mostly Shady | Soil Acidity [2] | Neutral | Soil Fertility [2] | Intermediate | Water Use [2] | Moderate |
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Name |
IUCN Category |
Area acres |
Location |
Species |
Website |
Climate |
Land Use |
Big South Fork National River and Recreation Area National Recreation Area |
V |
120283 |
Kentucky, Tennessee, United States |
|
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|
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Blue Ridge Parkway National Parkway |
V |
73611 |
North Carolina, Virginia, United States |
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|
|
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Catoctin Mountain Park National Park |
II |
5994 |
Maryland, United States |
|
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Chesapeake & Ohio Canal National Hist. Park National Historical Park |
V |
19586 |
Maryland, District of Columbia, United States |
|
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Chickamauga & Chattanooga Nat'l Military Park National Military Park |
V |
8248 |
Georgia, Tennessee, United States |
|
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|
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Cumberland Gap National Hist. Park National Historical Park |
V |
24282 |
Kentucky, Tennessee, Virginia, United States |
|
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|
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Fort Donelson National Battlefield |
III |
560 |
Tennessee, United States |
|
|
|
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Friendship Hill National Historic Site |
III |
697 |
Pennsylvania, United States |
|
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Gauley River National Recreation Area |
V |
10157 |
West Virginia, United States |
|
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|
|
Great Smoky Mountains National Park |
II |
515454 |
North Carolina, Tennessee, United States |
|
|
|
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Homestead National Monument of America |
V |
850 |
Nebraska, United States |
|
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|
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Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore |
II |
8272 |
Indiana, United States |
|
|
|
|
Mammoth Cave Area Biosphere Reserve (Natn'l Park) National Park |
II |
51235 |
Kentucky, United States |
|
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New River Gorge National River National River and Wild and Scenic Riverway |
V |
55591 |
West Virginia, United States |
|
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Niagara Escarpment Biosphere Reserve |
|
470167 |
Ontario, Canada |
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|
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Obed Wild and Scenic River National River and Wild and Scenic Riverway |
V |
5268 |
Tennessee, United States |
|
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|
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Point Pelee National Park |
II |
5764 |
Ontario, Canada |
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|
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Rondeau Provincial Park |
II |
5035 |
Ontario, Canada |
|
|
|
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Shenandoah National Park |
II |
108221 |
Virginia, United States |
|
|
|
|
Shiloh National Military Park |
III |
4061 |
Tennessee, United States |
|
|
|
|
Southern Appalachian Biosphere Reserve |
|
37548505 |
North Carolina, Tennessee, United States |
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Upper Miss. River Nat'l Wildlife Refuge National Wildlife Refuge |
VI |
25823 |
Illinois, Iowa, Wisconsin, United States |
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Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0
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