Animalia > Chordata > Mammalia > Perissodactyla > Equidae > Equus > Equus hemionusEquus hemionus (kulan; Asian wild ass; Onager)Synonyms: Equus bahram; Equus bedfordi; Equus castaneus; Equus dzigguetai; Equus ferus; Equus finschi; Equus hamar; Equus hemionos; Equus indicus; Equus luteus; Equus onager; Equus syriacus; Equus typicus; Hemionus hemionus The onager (Equus hemionus) (pronounced /ˈɒ-ni-jə(r)/), also known as hemione or Asiatic wild ass, is a large equid of the family Equidae (horse family) native to Asia. A member of the subgenus Asinus, the onager was described and given its binomial name by German zoologist Peter Simon Pallas in 1775. Five subspecies have been recognized, one of which is extinct. |
Uniqueness Scale: Similiar (0) Unique (100) Uniqueness & Vulnerability Scale: Similiar & Secure (0) Unique & Vulnerable (100) ED Score: 11.33 EDGE Score: 4.59 |
| Adult Weight [1] | 507.066 lbs (230.00 kg) |  | | Diet [2] | Herbivore | | Diet - Plants [2] | 100 % | | Forages - Ground [2] | 100 % | | | Female Maturity [1] | 3 years 2 months | | Male Maturity [1] | 3 years 3 months | | | Gestation [1] | 11 months 9 days | | Litter Size [1] | 1 | | Litters / Year [1] | 1 | | Maximum Longevity [1] | 26 years | | Snout to Vent Length [3] | 7.806 feet (238 cm) | | Speed [4] | 45.007 MPH (20.12 m/s) | | Weaning [1] | 1 year 3 months |
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| Name |
Countries |
Ecozone |
Biome |
Species |
Report |
Climate |
Land
Use |
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Alashan Plateau semi-desert |
China, Mongolia |
Palearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
 |
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Altai alpine meadow and tundra |
China, Kazakstan, Mongolia, Russia |
Palearctic |
Montane Grasslands and Shrublands |
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Altai montane forest and forest steppe |
China, Kazakstan, Mongolia, Russia |
Palearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
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Altai steppe and semi-desert |
Kazahkstan |
Palearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Badghyz and Karabil semi-desert |
Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Iran, Tajikistan |
Palearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
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Baluchistan xeric woodlands |
Pakistan, Afghanistan |
Palearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
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Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests |
Iran, Azerbaijan |
Palearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
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Central Asian southern desert |
Turkmenistan stretching, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan |
Palearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
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Central Persian desert basins |
Iran, Afghanistan |
Palearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
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Daurian forest steppe |
China, Mongolia, Russia |
Palearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Elburz Range forest steppe |
Iran |
Palearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
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Emin Valley steppe |
China, Kazakstan |
Palearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Gobi Lakes Valley desert steppe |
Mongolia |
Palearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
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Great Lakes Basin desert steppe |
Mongolia, Russia |
Palearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
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Junggar Basin semi-desert |
China, Kazakstan, Mongolia |
Palearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
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Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests |
India |
Indo-Malayan |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
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Kuh Rud and Eastern Iran montane woodlands |
Iran |
Palearctic |
Montane Grasslands and Shrublands |
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Mongolian-Manchurian grassland |
China, Mongolia |
Palearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Northwestern thorn scrub forests |
India, Pakistan |
Indo-Malayan |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
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Paropamisus xeric woodlands |
Afghanistan |
Palearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
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Rann of Kutch seasonal salt marsh |
India, Pakistan |
Indo-Malayan |
Flooded Grasslands and Savannas |
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Sayan Alpine meadows and tundra |
Mongolia, Russia |
Palearctic |
Montane Grasslands and Shrublands |
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Sulaiman Range alpine meadows |
Afghanistan, Pakistan |
Palearctic |
Montane Grasslands and Shrublands |
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Taklimakan desert |
China |
Palearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
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Thar desert |
India, Pakistan |
Indo-Malayan |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
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Tian Shan foothill arid steppe |
China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan |
Palearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Tian Shan montane steppe and meadows |
China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan |
Palearctic |
Montane Grasslands and Shrublands |
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Zagros Mountains forest steppe |
Iran |
Palearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
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| Name |
Location |
Endemic |
Species |
Website |
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Irano-Anatolian |
Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran, Iraq, Turkey, Turkmenistan |
No |
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Mountains of Central Asia |
Afghanistan, China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan |
No |
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Attributes / relations provided by ♦ 1de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774 ♦ 2Hamish Wilman, Jonathan Belmaker, Jennifer Simpson, Carolina de la Rosa, Marcelo M. Rivadeneira, and Walter Jetz. 2014. EltonTraits 1.0: Species-level foraging attributes of the world's birds and mammals. Ecology 95:2027 ♦ 3Nathan P. Myhrvold, Elita Baldridge, Benjamin Chan, Dhileep Sivam, Daniel L. Freeman, and S. K. Morgan Ernest. 2015. An amniote life-history database to perform comparative analyses with birds, mammals, and reptiles. Ecology 96:3109 ♦ 4Wikipedia licensed under a Creative Commons License♦ 5Wenxuan Xuab, Canjun Xiaab, Weikang Yanga, David A. Blanka, Jianfang Qiaoa & Wei Liu, Seasonal diet of Khulan (Equidae) in Northern Xinjiang, China, Italian Journal of Zoology Volume 79, Issue 1, 2012 ♦ 6Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed February 01, 2010 at animaldiversity.org♦ 7Jorrit H. Poelen, James D. Simons and Chris J. Mungall. (2014). Global Biotic Interactions: An open infrastructure to share and analyze species-interaction datasets. Ecological Informatics. ♦ 8Gibson, D. I., Bray, R. A., & Harris, E. A. (Compilers) (2005). Host-Parasite Database of the Natural History Museum, London ♦ 9International Flea DatabaseEcoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 Wildfinder Database |
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0
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