Animalia > Chordata > Mammalia > Primates > Cercopithecidae > Macaca > Macaca sinica

Macaca sinica (Toque macaque)

Synonyms: Cynamolgus sinicus (homotypic); Macaca inaurea; Macaca longicaudata; Macacus sinicus (homotypic); Simia sinica (homotypic)

Wikipedia Abstract

The toque macaque (Macaca sinica) is a reddish-brown-coloured Old World monkey endemic to Sri Lanka, where it is known as the rilewa or rilawa (Sinhala රිළවා), (hence "rillow" in the Oxford English Dictionary).
View Wikipedia Record: Macaca sinica

Infraspecies

Macaca sinica aurifrons (Pale-fronted Toque Macaque)
Macaca sinica opisthomelas (Hill Zone Toque Macaque)
Macaca sinica sinica (Common Toque Macaque)

Endangered Species

Status: Endangered
View IUCN Record: Macaca sinica

EDGE Analysis

Uniqueness Scale: Similiar (0) 
3
 Unique (100)
Uniqueness & Vulnerability Scale: Similiar & Secure (0) 
55
 Unique & Vulnerable (100)
ED Score: 8.1
EDGE Score: 4.29
Learn more at EDGE of Existence programme

Attributes

Adult Weight [1]  9.306 lbs (4.221 kg)
Birth Weight [2]  446 grams
Female Weight [1]  7.50 lbs (3.402 kg)
Male Weight [1]  11.111 lbs (5.04 kg)
Weight Dimorphism [1]  48.1 %
Diet [3]  Carnivore (Invertebrates), Frugivore, Granivore, Herbivore
Diet - Fruit [3]  30 %
Diet - Invertibrates [3]  10 %
Diet - Plants [3]  40 %
Diet - Seeds [3]  20 %
Forages - Scansorial [3]  100 %
Female Maturity [2]  4 years
Gestation [2]  5 months 2 days
Litter Size [2]  1
Litters / Year [2]  1
Maximum Longevity [2]  29 years
Snout to Vent Length [1]  20 inches (50 cm)
Weaning [2]  1 year 1 month
Habitat Substrate [4]  Arboreal

Ecoregions

Name Countries Ecozone Biome Species Report Climate Land
Use
Deccan thorn scrub forests India, Sri Lanka Indo-Malayan Deserts and Xeric Shrublands
Sri Lanka dry-zone dry evergreen forests Sri Lanka Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests
Sri Lanka lowland rain forests Sri Lanka Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Sri Lanka montane rain forests Sri Lanka Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests

Protected Areas

Name IUCN Category Area acres Location Species Website Climate Land Use
Sinharaja Forest Reserve IV 16201 Sri Lanka  
Wilpattu National Park II 320298 Sri Lanka  

Biodiversity Hotspots

Name Location Endemic Species Website
Western Ghats and Sri Lanka India, Sri Lanka No

Consumers

Range Map

External References

Citations

Attributes / relations provided by
♦ 1Nathan P. Myhrvold, Elita Baldridge, Benjamin Chan, Dhileep Sivam, Daniel L. Freeman, and S. K. Morgan Ernest. 2015. An amniote life-history database to perform comparative analyses with birds, mammals, and reptiles. Ecology 96:3109
♦ 2de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774
♦ 3Hamish Wilman, Jonathan Belmaker, Jennifer Simpson, Carolina de la Rosa, Marcelo M. Rivadeneira, and Walter Jetz. 2014. EltonTraits 1.0: Species-level foraging attributes of the world's birds and mammals. Ecology 95:2027
♦ 4Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed February 01, 2010 at animaldiversity.org
♦ 5Gibson, D. I., Bray, R. A., & Harris, E. A. (Compilers) (2005). Host-Parasite Database of the Natural History Museum, London
♦ 6Nunn, C. L., and S. Altizer. 2005. The Global Mammal Parasite Database: An Online Resource for Infectious Disease Records in Wild Primates. Evolutionary Anthroplogy 14:1-2.
♦ 7Jorrit H. Poelen, James D. Simons and Chris J. Mungall. (2014). Global Biotic Interactions: An open infrastructure to share and analyze species-interaction datasets. Ecological Informatics.
Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 Wildfinder Database
Biodiversity Hotspots provided by Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund
Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0