Animalia > Chordata > Aves > Accipitriformes > Accipitridae > Circus > Circus approximans

Circus approximans (Swamp Harrier)

Synonyms: Circus approximans approximans

Wikipedia Abstract

The swamp harrier (Circus approximans) also known as the marsh harrier, Australasian harrier, kāhu, swamp-hawk or New Zealand hawk. It is large, slim, and the most common bird of prey in New Zealand countryside. It is one of the few birds to have benefited from European-New Zealand settlement: It is a bird of open country and became firmly established after forests were cleared by Polynesians.
View Wikipedia Record: Circus approximans

Invasive Species

View ISSG Record: Circus approximans

EDGE Analysis

Uniqueness Scale: Similiar (0) 
2
 Unique (100)
Uniqueness & Vulnerability Scale: Similiar & Secure (0) 
19
 Unique & Vulnerable (100)
ED Score: 6.32542
EDGE Score: 1.99135
Learn more at EDGE of Existence programme

Attributes

Adult Weight [1]  1.664 lbs (755 g)
Birth Weight [2]  40 grams
Female Weight [4]  1.918 lbs (870 g)
Male Weight [4]  1.411 lbs (640 g)
Weight Dimorphism [4]  35.9 %
Diet [3]  Carnivore (Invertebrates), Carnivore (Vertebrates), Piscivore
Diet - Ectothermic [3]  20 %
Diet - Endothermic [3]  50 %
Diet - Fish [3]  10 %
Diet - Invertibrates [3]  10 %
Diet - Scavenger [3]  10 %
Forages - Ground [3]  100 %
Clutch Size [6]  4
Incubation [5]  32 days
Mating Display [2]  Acrobatic aerial display
Mating System [2]  Monogamy (mostly)
Maximum Longevity [5]  18 years
Raptor Research Conservation Priority [7]  104
Snout to Vent Length [1]  22 inches (55 cm)
Wing Span [5]  4.264 feet (1.3 m)

Ecoregions

Protected Areas

Biodiversity Hotspots

Name Location Endemic Species Website
East Melanesian Islands Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu No
New Caledonia New Caledonia No
New Zealand New Zealand No
Polynesia-Micronesia Fiji, Micronesia, Polynesia, Samoa, Tonga, United States No
Southwest Australia Australia No

Prey / Diet

Prey / Diet Overlap

Consumers

Parasitized by 
Centrorhynchus asturinus[10]
Colpocephalum turbinatum[11]
Degeeriella fusca[11]
Laemobothrion maximum[11]
Nosopon lucidum[11]

Range Map

External References

Citations

Attributes / relations provided by
♦ 1Nathan P. Myhrvold, Elita Baldridge, Benjamin Chan, Dhileep Sivam, Daniel L. Freeman, and S. K. Morgan Ernest. 2015. An amniote life-history database to perform comparative analyses with birds, mammals, and reptiles. Ecology 96:3109
♦ 2Terje Lislevand, Jordi Figuerola, and Tamás Székely. 2007. Avian body sizes in relation to fecundity, mating system, display behavior, and resource sharing. Ecology 88:1605
♦ 3Hamish Wilman, Jonathan Belmaker, Jennifer Simpson, Carolina de la Rosa, Marcelo M. Rivadeneira, and Walter Jetz. 2014. EltonTraits 1.0: Species-level foraging attributes of the world's birds and mammals. Ecology 95:2027
♦ 4Marchant, S.; Higgins, PJ (eds.) 1993. The handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic birds, Vol. 2., raptors to lapwings. Oxford University Press, Melbourne
♦ 5del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
♦ 6Jetz W, Sekercioglu CH, Böhning-Gaese K (2008) The Worldwide Variation in Avian Clutch Size across Species and Space PLoS Biol 6(12): e303. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0060303
♦ 7Buechley ER, Santangeli A, Girardello M, et al. Global raptor research and conservation priorities: Tropical raptors fall prey to knowledge gaps. Divers Distrib. 2019;25:856–869. https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.12901
♦ 8THE DIET OF THE AUSTRALASIAN HARRIER (Circus approximans) IN THE MANAWATU-RANGITIKEI SAND COUNTRY, NEW ZEALAND, D. J. BAKER-GABB, Notornis 28: 241-254 (1981)
♦ 9Jorrit H. Poelen, James D. Simons and Chris J. Mungall. (2014). Global Biotic Interactions: An open infrastructure to share and analyze species-interaction datasets. Ecological Informatics.
♦ 10Gibson, D. I., Bray, R. A., & Harris, E. A. (Compilers) (2005). Host-Parasite Database of the Natural History Museum, London
♦ 11Species Interactions of Australia Database, Atlas of Living Australia, Version ala-csv-2012-11-19
Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 Wildfinder Database
Biodiversity Hotspots provided by Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund
Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0