Plantae > Tracheophyta > Magnoliopsida > Myrtales > Myrtaceae > Eucalyptus > Eucalyptus camaldulensisEucalyptus camaldulensis (river redgum)Eucalyptus camaldulensis, the river red gum, is a tree of the genus Eucalyptus. It is one of around 800 in the genus. It is a plantation species in many parts of the world, but is native to Australia, where it has the most widespread natural distribution of Eucalyptus in Australia, especially beside inland water courses. Oddly, it is named for a private estate garden near the Camaldoli monastery near Naples (L'Hortus Camaldulensis di Napoli), from where the first specimen came to be described. Material from this tree was used by Frederick Dehnhardt, Chief Gardener at the Botanic Gardens in Naples, to describe this species in 1832. |
| Air Quality Improvement [1] | None | | Allergen Potential [1] | Medium-High | | Carbon Capture [1] | High | | Screening - Summer [2] | Moderate | | Screening - Winter [2] | Moderate | | Shade Percentage [1] | 83 % | | Temperature Reduction [1] | Medium-High | | Wind Reduction [1] | Medium-High |  | | Bloom Period [2] | Early Spring | | Drought Tolerance [2] | Medium | | Edible [3] | May be edible. See the Plants For A Future link below for details. | | Fire Tolerance [2] | Medium | | Flower Type [3] | Hermaphrodite | | Frost Free Days [2] | 6 months | | Fruit/Seed Abundance [2] | Medium | | Fruit/Seed Begin [2] | Summer | | Fruit/Seed End [2] | Winter | | Growth Form [2] | Single Stem | | Growth Period [2] | Spring, Summer, Fall | | Growth Rate [2] | Rapid | | Hazards [3] | Citronellal, an essential oil found in most Eucalyptus species is reported to be mutagenic when used in isolation;
In large doses, oil of eucalyptus, like so many essential oils has caused fatalities from intestinal irritation; Death is reported from ingestion of 4 - 24 ml of essential oils, but recoveries are also reported for the same amount; Symptoms include gastroenteric burning and irritation, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, oxygen deficiency, ,weakness, dizziness, stupor, difficult respiration, delirium, paralysis, convulsions, and death, usually due to respiratory failure; | | Janka Hardness [4] | 2180 lbf (989 kgf) Hard | | Leaf Type [3] | Evergreen | | Lifespan [2] | Perennial | | Pollinators [3] | Bees | | Propagation [2] | Bare Root, Container, Seed | | Root Depth [2] | 20 inches (51 cm) | | Seed Spread Rate [2] | Slow | | Seed Vigor [2] | High | | Seeds Per [2] | 2628384 / lb (5794599 / kg) | | Shape/Orientation [2] | Erect | | Specific Gravity [5] | 0.721 | | Structure [3] | Tree | | Usage [3] | A gum is obtained from the plant. It is used medicinally and in tanning;
The leaves contain 0.1 - 0.4% essential oil, 77% of which is cineol There is some cuminal, phellandrene, aromadendren (or aromadendral), and some valerylaldehyde, geraniol, cymene, and phellandral;
The leaves contain 5 - 11% tannin. The kino contains 45% kinotannic acid as well as kino red, a glycoside, catechol, and pyrocatechol; The leaves and fruits test positive for flavonoids and sterols; The bark contains 2.5 - 16% tannin, the wood 2 - 14%, and the kino 46.2 - 76.7%;
A fast growing tree with wide-ranging roots, it can be planted in soil stabilization schemes and can also be planted in marshy land where it will help in draining the land, thereby destroying a potential breeding site for mosquitoes; It is planted in S. Italy for this purpose.
The wood, durable, easy to saw, yet resistant to termites, is widely used in Australia for strong durable construction, interior finish, flooring, cabinetry, furniture, fence posts, cross-ties, sometimes pulpwood; Australian aborigines made canoes from the bark; According to NAS (1980a), annual wood yields are around 20 - 25 m3/ha in Argentina, 30 m3 from Israel, 17 - 20 from Turkey in the first rotation, and 25 - 30 in subsequent coppice rotations; On poor arid sites yields are only 2 - 11 m3 on 14 or 15 year rotations; | | Vegetative Spread Rate [2] | None | | | Flower Color [2] | Yellow | | Foliage Color [2] | Green | | Fruit Color [2] | Brown | | | Flower Conspicuous [2] | Yes | | Fruit Conspicuous [2] | Yes | | | Height [3] | 98 feet (30 m) | | Width [3] | 66 feet (20 m) | | | Hardiness Zone Minimum [1] | USDA Zone: 9 Low Temperature: 20 F° (-6.7 C°) → 30 F° (-1.1 C°) | | Hardiness Zone Maximum [1] | USDA Zone: 11 Low Temperature: 40 F° (4.4 C°) → 50 F° (10 C°) | | Light Preference [2] | Mixed Sun/Shade | | Soil Acidity [2] | Neutral | | Soil Fertility [2] | Infertile | | Water Use [1] | Moderate to Low |
View Plants For A Future Record : Eucalyptus camaldulensis |
Attributes / relations provided by ♦ 1i-Tree Species v. 4.0, developed by the USDA Forest Service's Northern Research Station and SUNY-ESF using the Horticopia, Inc. plant database. ♦ 2USDA Plants Database, U. S. Department of Agriculture ♦ 3Plants For A Future licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License♦ 4Wood Janka Hardness Scale/Chart J W Morlan's Unique Wood Gifts ♦ 5Chave J, Coomes D, Jansen S, Lewis SL, Swenson NG, Zanne AE (2009) Towards a worldwide wood economics spectrum. Ecology Letters 12: 351-366.
Zanne AE, Lopez-Gonzalez G, Coomes DA, Ilic J, Jansen S, Lewis SL, Miller RB, Swenson NG, Wiemann MC, Chave J (2009) Data from: Towards a worldwide wood economics spectrum. Dryad Digital Repository. ♦ 6HOSTS - a Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants Gaden S. Robinson, Phillip R. Ackery, Ian J. Kitching, George W. Beccaloni AND Luis M. Hernández ♦ 7Jorrit H. Poelen, James D. Simons and Chris J. Mungall. (2014). Global Biotic Interactions: An open infrastructure to share and analyze species-interaction datasets. Ecological Informatics. ♦ 8Ben-Dov, Y., Miller, D.R. & Gibson, G.A.P. ScaleNet 4 November 2009 ♦ 9Blastopsylla occidentalis Taylor (Insecta: Hemiptera: Psyllidae) & Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore (Insecta: Hemiptera: Psyllidae), Susan E. Halbert, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry; Raymond Gill, California Department of Agriculture; and James N. Nisson, Orange County (California) Agriculture Commissioner's Office, October 2003 ♦ 10Species Interactions of Australia Database, Atlas of Living Australia, Version ala-csv-2012-11-19 ♦ 11Who's Eating Who♦ 12New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Plant-SyNZ database♦ 13Low-density koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) populations in the mulgalands of south-west Queensland. II. Distribution and diet, B. J. Sullivan, W. M. Norris and G. S. Baxter, Wildlife Research, 2003, 30, 331338 ♦ 14del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. ♦ 15Ecological role of hypogeous ectomycorrhizal fungi in Australian forests and woodlands, Andrew W. Claridge, Plant and Soil 244: 291305, 2002 ♦ 16Red-tailed Black-Cockatoo about the species Fact Sheet, Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment Melbourne, September, 2005 ♦ 17Chalinolobus gouldii, Bryan Chruszcz and Robert M. R. Barclay, MAMMALIAN SPECIES No. 690, pp. 14 (2002) |
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0
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