Erythroxylum australe is a shrub or small tree in the Malpighiales, endemic to northern Australia. The plant is known by a variety of names including Brigalow Erythroxylon Shrub and Dogwood. The plant grows in a wide variety of habitats in subcoastal and coastal regions, from dry rainforest and vine thickets to open savanna woodland. The leaves contain 0.8% meteloidine, an alkaloid similar to cocaine. All Erythroxylaceae species are prohibited plants in NSW.