Iris rosenbachiana is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus of Scorpiris. It is a bulbous perennial. It was first published by Regel in 'Trudy Imperatorskago St. Peterburgskago Botaniceskago Sada' Vol3 in 1884. The name is derived from that of the Russian governor of Turkestan where the bulb was found. Iris rosenbachiana is now the accepted name by the RHS. Note, Iris rosenbachiana var. baldshuanica is a synonym of Iris baldshuanica. This species is similar to Iris nicolai both in cultural requirements and form.