Eriogonum exilifolium is a species of flowering plant in the buckwheat family known by the common name dropleaf buckwheat. It is native to Wyoming and Colorado in the United States. This species is a mat-forming herb growing up to about 10 centimeters tall. The leaves, located around the base of the plant, are linear or lance-shaped and measure up to 6 centimeters long. They are white and woolly on the undersides but green and mostly hairless on the upper surfaces. The inflorescence is a cluster of white flowers. This species was long confused with Eriogonum pauciflorum, a more common species, and it got its own name in 1967. It is closely related to Eriogonum coloradense.