Animalia > Chordata > Aves > Sphenisciformes > Spheniscidae > Spheniscus > Spheniscus mendiculus

Spheniscus mendiculus (Galapagos Penguin)

Wikipedia Abstract

The Galápagos penguin (Spheniscus mendiculus) is a penguin endemic to the Galápagos Islands. It is the only penguin that lives north of the equator in the wild. It can survive due to the cool temperatures resulting from the Humboldt Current and cool waters from great depths brought up by the Cromwell Current. The Galápagos penguin is one of the banded penguins, the other species of which live mostly on the coasts of Africa and mainland South America.
View Wikipedia Record: Spheniscus mendiculus

Endangered Species

Status: Endangered
View IUCN Record: Spheniscus mendiculus

EDGE Analysis

Uniqueness Scale: Similiar (0) 
3
 Unique (100)
Uniqueness & Vulnerability Scale: Similiar & Secure (0) 
55
 Unique & Vulnerable (100)
ED Score: 8.33709
EDGE Score: 4.31344
Learn more at EDGE of Existence programme

Attributes

Clutch Size [6]  2
Clutches / Year [2]  1
Emoji [4]  penguin
Fledging [2]  58 days
Incubation [6]  40 days
Maximum Longevity [2]  20 years
Snout to Vent Length [2]  21 inches (53 cm)
Water Biome [1]  Coastal
Adult Weight [2]  4.378 lbs (1.986 kg)
Female Weight [5]  3.814 lbs (1.73 kg)
Male Weight [5]  4.707 lbs (2.135 kg)
Weight Dimorphism [5]  23.4 %
Diet [3]  Piscivore
Diet - Fish [3]  100 %
Forages - Underwater [3]  100 %
Female Maturity [2]  3 years 6 months
Male Maturity [2]  5 years

Ecoregions

Name Countries Ecozone Biome Species Report Climate Land
Use
Galápagos Islands scrubland mosaic Ecuador Neotropic Deserts and Xeric Shrublands

Protected Areas

Name IUCN Category Area acres Location Species Website Climate Land Use
Archipelago de Colon Biosphere Reserve 34336011 Galapagos Islands, Ecuador  

Important Bird Areas

Name Location  IBA Criteria   Website   Climate   Land Use 
Áreas costeras de Fernandina y del occidente de Isabela Ecuador A1, A2, A4i, A4ii
Humedales del Sur de Isabela Ecuador A1, A2, A4i, A4ii
Isla Floreana Ecuador A1, A2, A4i, A4ii  

Alliance for Zero Extinction (AZE) Sites

Name  Location   Map   Climate   Land Use 
Áreas costeras de Fernandina y del occidente de Isabela Ecuador

Biodiversity Hotspots

Name Location Endemic Species Website
Tumbes-Choco-Magdalena Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, Peru Yes

Prey / Diet

Prey / Diet Overlap

Range Map

External References

Citations

Attributes / relations provided by
♦ 1Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed February 01, 2010 at animaldiversity.org
♦ 2Nathan P. Myhrvold, Elita Baldridge, Benjamin Chan, Dhileep Sivam, Daniel L. Freeman, and S. K. Morgan Ernest. 2015. An amniote life-history database to perform comparative analyses with birds, mammals, and reptiles. Ecology 96:3109
♦ 3Hamish Wilman, Jonathan Belmaker, Jennifer Simpson, Carolina de la Rosa, Marcelo M. Rivadeneira, and Walter Jetz. 2014. EltonTraits 1.0: Species-level foraging attributes of the world's birds and mammals. Ecology 95:2027
♦ 4Emoji by Twitter is licensed under CC BY 4.0
♦ 5Williams TD (1995) The Penguins: Spheniscidae, Oxford University Press, Oxford
♦ 6del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
♦ 7Jorrit H. Poelen, James D. Simons and Chris J. Mungall. (2014). Global Biotic Interactions: An open infrastructure to share and analyze species-interaction datasets. Ecological Informatics.
♦ 8Diet of the Humboldt penguin (Spheniscus humboldti) in northern and southern Chile, C. Herling, B. M. Culik, J. C. Hennicke, Marine Biology (2005) 147: 13–25
Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 Wildfinder Database
Biodiversity Hotspots provided by Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund
AZE sites provided by Alliance for Zero Extinction (2010). 2010 AZE Update.
Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0