Plantae > Tracheophyta > Pinopsida > Pinales > Pinaceae > Pinus > Pinus wallichiana

Pinus wallichiana (Bhutan pine; Blue pine; Himalayan pine; Himalayan white pine)

Synonyms: Pinus chylla; Pinus dicksonii; Pinus griffithii
Language: Bhutanese; Chi; Dut; Fre; Ger; Hin; Hrv, Srp; Hun; Ita; Spa

Wikipedia Abstract

Pinus wallichiana is a coniferous evergreen tree native to the Himalaya, Karakoram and Hindu Kush mountains, from eastern Afghanistan east across northern Pakistan and India to Yunnan in southwest China. It grows in mountain valleys at altitudes of 1800–4300 m (rarely as low as 1200 m), between 30 m and 50 m in height. It favours a temperate climate with dry winters and wet summers.
View Wikipedia Record: Pinus wallichiana

Infraspecies

Pinus wallichiana var. parva
Pinus wallichiana var. wallichiana

Attributes

Allergen Potential [1]  Medium-Low
Edible [2]  May be edible. See the Plants For A Future link below for details.
Flower Type [2]  Monoecious
Hazards [2]  The wood, sawdust and resins from various species of pine can cause dermatitis in sensitive people;
Leaf Type [2]  Evergreen
Lifespan [3]  Perennial
Pollinators [2]  Wind
Specific Gravity [4]  0.385
Structure [2]  Tree
Usage [2]  A commercial source of turpentine and tar. It is said to be superior to P. roxburghii but not produced so freely; Oleo-resins are present in the tissues of all species of pines, but these are often not present in sufficient quantity to make their extraction economically worthwhile; The resins are obtained by tapping the trunk, or by destructive distillation of the wood; In general, trees from warmer areas of distribution give the higher yields; Turpentine consists of an average of 20% of the oleo-resin; Turpentine has a wide range of uses including as a solvent for waxes etc, for making varnish, medicinal etc; Rosin is the substance left after turpentine is removed. This is used by violinists on their bows and also in making sealing wax, varnish etc; Pitch can also be obtained from the resin and is used for waterproofing, as a wood preservative etc. The leaves are used as a stuffing for pillows etc; A tan or green dye is obtained from the needles; The needles contain a substance called terpene, this is released when rain washes over the needles and it has a negative effect on the germination of some plants, including wheat; Wood - moderately hard, durable, highly resinous. Used in construction, carpentry etc; A good firewood but it gives off a pungent resinous smoke; The wood is rich in resin. It can be splintered and used as a torch;
Height [2]  82 feet (25 m)
Width [2]  33 feet (10 m)
View Plants For A Future Record : Pinus wallichiana

Predators

Consumers

Mutual (symbiont) 
Thelephora terrestris (Earthfan)[10]
Parasitized by 
Cronartium ribicola (White pine blister rust)[10]

External References

USDA Plant Profile

Citations

Attributes / relations provided by
♦ 1Derived from Allergy-Free Gardening OPALS™, Thomas Leo Ogren (2000)
♦ 2Plants For A Future licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License
♦ 3USDA Plants Database, U. S. Department of Agriculture
♦ 4Chave J, Coomes D, Jansen S, Lewis SL, Swenson NG, Zanne AE (2009) Towards a worldwide wood economics spectrum. Ecology Letters 12: 351-366. Zanne AE, Lopez-Gonzalez G, Coomes DA, Ilic J, Jansen S, Lewis SL, Miller RB, Swenson NG, Wiemann MC, Chave J (2009) Data from: Towards a worldwide wood economics spectrum. Dryad Digital Repository.
♦ 5Ben-Dov, Y., Miller, D.R. & Gibson, G.A.P. ScaleNet 4 November 2009
♦ 6HOSTS - a Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants Gaden S. Robinson, Phillip R. Ackery, Ian J. Kitching, George W. Beccaloni AND Luis M. Hernández
♦ 7Diets of Hangul Deer Cervus elaphus hanglu (Cetartiodactyla: Cervidae) in Dachigam National Park, Kashmir, India, G. Mustafa Shah, Ulfat Jan, Bilal A. Bhat & Fayaz A. Ahangar, Journal of Threatened Taxa | July 2009 | 1(7): 398-400
♦ 8del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
♦ 9Biological Records Centre Database of Insects and their Food Plants
♦ 10Jorrit H. Poelen, James D. Simons and Chris J. Mungall. (2014). Global Biotic Interactions: An open infrastructure to share and analyze species-interaction datasets. Ecological Informatics.
♦ 11Ecology of Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta) in Northwest Pakistan, S. J. Goldstein and A. F. Richard, International Journal of Primatology, Vol. 10, No. 6, 1989, pp. 531-567
Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0