Plantae > Tracheophyta > Pinopsida > Pinales > Pinaceae > Pinus > Pinus roxburghiiPinus roxburghii (Long-leaved Indian pine; Chir pine; Himalayan longleaf pine)Synonyms: Pinus longifolia; Pinus serenagensis (homotypic) Language: Chi; Ger; Hin; Hindi; Hun; Nepalese; Pakistan; Rus Pinus roxburghii (known as chir pine) is a species of pine. It is native to the Himalayas, and was named after William Roxburgh. The range extends from northern Pakistan (North-West Frontier Province, Margalla Hills, Islamabad Capital Territory, Murree), across northern India (Jammu and Kashmir, Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim) and Nepal to Bhutan. |
| Allergen Potential [1] | Medium-Low |  | | Edible [2] | May be edible. See the Plants For A Future link below for details. | | Flower Type [2] | Monoecious | | Hazards [2] | The wood, sawdust and resins from various species of pine can cause dermatitis in sensitive people; | | Leaf Type [2] | Evergreen | | Pollinators [2] | Wind | | Specific Gravity [3] | 0.327 | | Structure [2] | Tree | | Usage [2] | A tan or green dye is obtained from the needles;
The needles contain a substance called terpene, this is released when rain washes over the needles and it has a negative effect on the germination of some plants, including wheat;
A resin is obtained from the sapwood; Trees are tapped for three years and then rested for three years; The yield is up to 5.5 kilos per tree; Oleo-resins are present in the tissues of all species of pines, but these are often not present in sufficient quantity to make their extraction economically worthwhile; The resins are obtained by tapping the trunk, or by destructive distillation of the wood; In general, trees from warmer areas of distribution give the higher yields; Turpentine consists of an average of 20% of the oleo-resin; Turpentine has a wide range of uses including as a solvent for waxes etc, for making varnish, medicinal etc; Rosin is the substance left after turpentine is removed. This is used by violinists on their bows and also in making sealing wax, varnish etc; Pitch can also be obtained from the resin and is used for waterproofing, as a wood preservative etc.
The wood is very resinous and can be splintered and used as a torch;
A charcoal made from the leaves, mixed with rice water, is used as an ink;
Wood - moderately hard. Used for construction, shingles, boxes etc. It is useful in cold climates but is not resistant to white ants; | | | Height [2] | 131 feet (40 m) |
View Plants For A Future Record : Pinus roxburghii |
Attributes / relations provided by ♦ 1Derived from Allergy-Free Gardening OPALS™, Thomas Leo Ogren (2000) ♦ 2Plants For A Future licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License♦ 3Chave J, Coomes D, Jansen S, Lewis SL, Swenson NG, Zanne AE (2009) Towards a worldwide wood economics spectrum. Ecology Letters 12: 351-366.
Zanne AE, Lopez-Gonzalez G, Coomes DA, Ilic J, Jansen S, Lewis SL, Miller RB, Swenson NG, Wiemann MC, Chave J (2009) Data from: Towards a worldwide wood economics spectrum. Dryad Digital Repository. ♦ 4HOSTS - a Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants Gaden S. Robinson, Phillip R. Ackery, Ian J. Kitching, George W. Beccaloni AND Luis M. Hernández ♦ 5Ben-Dov, Y., Miller, D.R. & Gibson, G.A.P. ScaleNet 4 November 2009 ♦ 6Hystrix africaeaustralis, Erika L. Barthelmess, MAMMALIAN SPECIES No. 788, pp. 1-7 (2006) ♦ 7New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Plant-SyNZ database |
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0
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