Plantae > Tracheophyta > Liliopsida > Liliales > Melanthiaceae > Xerophyllum > Xerophyllum tenax

Xerophyllum tenax (Indian Basket Grass)

Synonyms: Helonias tenax (homotypic); Melanthium spicatum (heterotypic); Xerophyllium tenax; Xerophyllum douglasii

Wikipedia Abstract

Xerophyllum tenax is a North American species of plants in the corn lily family. It is known by several common names, including bear grass, squaw grass, soap grass, quip-quip, and Indian basket grass. Xerophyllum tenax has flowers with six sepals and six stamens borne in a terminal raceme. The plant can grow to 15–150 cm in height. It grows in bunches with the leaves wrapped around and extending from a small stem at ground level. The leaves are 30–100 cm long and 2–6 mm wide, dull olive green with toothed edges. The slightly fragrant white flowers emerge from a tall stalk that bolts from the base. When the flowers are in bloom they are tightly packed at the tip of the stalk like an upright club. The plant is found mostly in western North America from British Columbia south to California an
View Wikipedia Record: Xerophyllum tenax

Attributes

Bloom Period [1]  Summer
Drought Tolerance [1]  Medium
Edible [2]  May be edible. See the Plants For A Future link below for details.
Fire Tolerance [1]  High
Flower Type [2]  Hermaphrodite
Frost Free Days [1]  4 months
Fruit/Seed Abundance [1]  Low
Fruit/Seed Begin [1]  Summer
Fruit/Seed End [1]  Fall
Growth Form [1]  Rhizomatous
Growth Period [1]  Spring, Summer
Growth Rate [1]  Rapid
Leaf Type [2]  Evergreen
Lifespan [2]  Perennial
Pollinators [2]  Insects, Lepidoptera
Propagation [1]  Seed
Regrowth Rate [1]  Rapid
Root Depth [1]  6 inches (15 cm)
Seed Spread Rate [1]  Slow
Seed Vigor [1]  Low
Seeds Per [1]  217333 / lb (479137 / kg)
Shape/Orientation [1]  Erect
Structure [3]  Herb
Usage [2]  A watertight basket can be made from the leaves; This basket has been used for cooking food in; The fibres are split from the leaves and then used; The plant is also used to decorate baskets; The small leaves have been used to make dresses; The plants were burnt every year. The leaves were harvested in the spring when they first started to grow out of the charred rhizome. Prior to using, the leaves were soaked in water to make them pliable, but if left too long they turned green; The dried and bleached leaves are used for weaving into hats and capes;
Vegetative Spread Rate [1]  Slow
Flower Color [1]  White
Foliage Color [1]  Green
Fruit Color [1]  Black
Flower Conspicuous [1]  Yes
Height [2]  3.936 feet (1.2 m)
Width [2]  6.56 feet (2 m)
Hardiness Zone Minimum [1]  USDA Zone: 7 Low Temperature: 0 F° (-17.8 C°) → 10 F° (-12.2 C°)
Light Preference [1]  Mixed Sun/Shade
Soil Acidity [1]  Neutral
Soil Fertility [1]  Infertile
Water Use [1]  Low
Screening - Summer [1]  Porous
Screening - Winter [1]  Porous
View Plants For A Future Record : Xerophyllum tenax

Protected Areas

Predators

Aceria tulipae[4]
Microtus richardsoni (water vole)[5]
Oreamnos americanus (mountain goat)[6]
Ursus arctos (Grizzly Bear)[7]

Citations

Attributes / relations provided by
1USDA Plants Database, U. S. Department of Agriculture
2Plants For A Future licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License
3Kattge, J. et al. (2011b) TRY - a global database of plant traits Global Change Biology 17:2905-2935
4Biological Records Centre Database of Insects and their Food Plants
5Microtus richardsoni, Daniel R. Ludwig, Mammalian Species No. 223, pp. 1-6 (1984)
6Oreamnos americanus, Chester B. Rideout and Robert S. Hoffman, MAMMALIAN SPECIES No. 63, pp. 1-6 (1975)
7Jorrit H. Poelen, James D. Simons and Chris J. Mungall. (2014). Global Biotic Interactions: An open infrastructure to share and analyze species-interaction datasets. Ecological Informatics.
Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0