Rossia moelleri is a species of bobtail squid native to the northern Atlantic Ocean and the Arctic Ocean, eastward to the Laptev Sea and westward to Amundsen Bay. It occurs off western and northeastern Greenland, northeastern Canada, Labrador, Spitsbergen, Jan Mayen, and in the Kara Sea. R. moelleri lives at depths from 17 to 250 m. R. moelleri grows to 50 mm in mantle length. In Norwegian waters, R. moelleri is preyed upon by haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) and Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua).