Attributes / relations provided by
♦ ¹del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
♦ ²Sighting frequency and food habits of the leopard tortoise, Geochelone pardalis, in northern Tanzania, J. Kabigumila, Afr. J. Ecol., 39, 276-285 (2001)