Attributes / relations provided by
♦ ¹Tinus, Craig A. (2012) Prey preference of lingcod (Ophiodon elongatus), a top marine predator: implications for ecosystem-based fisheries management. Fishery Bulletin, 110(2), pp. 193-204.
♦ ²Food Web Relationships of Northern Puget Sound and the Strait of Juan de Fuca : a Synthesis of the Available Knowledge, Charles A. Simenstad, Bruce S. Miller, Carl F. Nyblade, Kathleen Thornburgh, and Lewis J. Bledsoe, EPA-600 7-29-259 September 1979
♦ ³CephBase - Cephalopod (Octopus, Squid, Cuttlefish and Nautilus) Database
♦ ⁴Trophic Role of the Pacific Whiting, Merluccius productus, P. A. LIVINGSTON and K. M. BAILEY, Marine Fisheries Review 47(2), 1985, p. 16-22