NSG Keulaer Wald

Location:Germany
Area:746 acres (302 hectares)
Species:All  Endangered  Invasive
Climate:View Climate Data
Land Use:View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:Cfb (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: fully humid; Temperature: warm summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:View Data Sheet  Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

Western European broadleaf forests

Soils

Protected Area Boundary
 AB
   
Share40 %30 %30 %35 %30 %25 %10 %
Soil TypeHaplic LuvisolsEutric PodzoluvisolsEutric GleysolsRendzic LeptosolsRendzic LeptosolsChromic CambisolsChromic Luvisols
Topsoil TextureMediumMediumMediumMediumMediumMediumFine
Reference Depth100 cm100 cm100 cm30 cm30 cm100 cm100 cm
DrainageModerately wellModerately wellPoorImperfectlyImperfectlyModerately wellModerately well
Available Water Capacity150 m150 m75 m15 mm15 mm100 m50 m
Phase 1  StonyStonyStonyStonyStony
Root ObstacleNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cm  None to 80 cmNone to 80 cm
Impermeable LayerNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cm40 - 80 cm  None to 150 cm40 - 80 cm
Soil Water RegimeNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthWet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month  Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month
Topsoil Properties
Gravel4 %1 %4 %16 %16 %10 %4 %
Sand41 %35 %37 %37 %37 %49 %27 %
Silt37 %54 %40 %44 %44 %28 %27 %
Clay22 %11 %23 %19 %19 %23 %46 %
USDA TextureLoamSilt loamLoamLoamLoamLoamClay
Reference Bulk Density1.4 g/cm³1.49 g/cm³1.38 g/cm³1.41 g/cm³1.41 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³1.26 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.43 g/cm³1.36 g/cm³1.35 g/cm³1.24 g/cm³1.24 g/cm³1.31 g/cm³1.37 g/cm³
Organic Carbon0.74 %1.2 %1.07 %2.13 %2.13 %0.98 %1.2 %
PH6.55.46.27.57.56.66.3
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity47 cmol kg⁻¹48 cmol kg⁻¹41 cmol kg⁻¹80 cmol kg⁻¹80 cmol kg⁻¹42 cmol kg⁻¹31 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity13 cmol kg⁻¹9 cmol kg⁻¹13 cmol kg⁻¹27 cmol kg⁻¹27 cmol kg⁻¹13 cmol kg⁻¹19 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation91 %55 %88 %100 %100 %83 %79 %
Total Exchangeable Bases11 cmol kg⁻¹5.7 cmol kg⁻¹10.2 cmol kg⁻¹28.8 cmol kg⁻¹28.8 cmol kg⁻¹11.6 cmol kg⁻¹13.4 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate0 %0 %0 %6 %6 %0.1 %0 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium1 %0 %2 %2 %2 %2 %1 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel3 %4 %5 %  9 %6 %
Sand37 %37 %36 %  47 %21 %
Silt34 %43 %36 %  26 %25 %
Clay29 %20 %28 %  27 %54 %
USDA TextureClay loamLoamClay loam  Sandy clay loamClay
Reference Bulk Density1.35 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³1.35 g/cm³  1.38 g/cm³1.22 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.51 g/cm³1.61 g/cm³1.5 g/cm³  1.44 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³
Organic Carbon0.36 %0.25 %0.37 %  0.47 %0.58 %
PH6.75.36.6  6.76.4
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity50 cmol kg⁻¹63 cmol kg⁻¹42 cmol kg⁻¹  44 cmol kg⁻¹33 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity14 cmol kg⁻¹9 cmol kg⁻¹13 cmol kg⁻¹  15 cmol kg⁻¹20 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation93 %59 %90 %  92 %83 %
Total Exchangeable Bases13.1 cmol kg⁻¹4.9 cmol kg⁻¹11.9 cmol kg⁻¹  11.9 cmol kg⁻¹13.1 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate0 %0 %0 %  0.1 %0 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 %  0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium1 %0 %2 %  1 %1 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1  0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1
Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.
Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263