Animalia > Chordata > Aves > Anseriformes > Anatidae > Somateria > Somateria fischeri

Somateria fischeri (Spectacled Eider)

Synonyms: Fuligula fischeri; Lampronetta fischeri (homotypic)

Wikipedia Abstract

The spectacled eider (pronounced /ˈaɪ.dər/) (Somateria fischeri) is a large sea duck that breeds on the coasts of Alaska and northeastern Siberia. The lined nest is built on tundra close to the sea, and 5–9 eggs are laid. This species dives for crustaceans and molluscs. The winter range is poorly known, but satellite tracking has led to observations of large flocks of the birds about 100 km southwest of St. Lawrence Island in the Bering Sea during March–April. This area has large populations of bivalves in the underlying sediments at depths of about 60 m that the ducks dive to feed on.
View Wikipedia Record: Somateria fischeri

EDGE Analysis

Uniqueness Scale: Similiar (0) 
1
 Unique (100)
Uniqueness & Vulnerability Scale: Similiar & Secure (0) 
11
 Unique & Vulnerable (100)
ED Score: 3.36071
EDGE Score: 1.47264
Learn more at EDGE of Existence programme

Attributes

Clutch Size [8]  5
Clutches / Year [2]  1
Fledging [2]  51 days
Global Population (2017 est.) [3]  250,000
Incubation [7]  26 days
Maximum Longevity [6]  18 years
Migration [1]  Intercontinental
Snout to Vent Length [2]  22 inches (55 cm)
Water Biome [1]  Coastal
Adult Weight [2]  3.43 lbs (1.556 kg)
Birth Weight [4]  73 grams
Breeding Habitat [3]  Arctic tundra, Arctic coastal
Wintering Geography [3]  Arctic Coast
Wintering Habitat [3]  Arctic polynyas
Diet [5]  Carnivore (Invertebrates), Frugivore, Granivore, Herbivore
Diet - Fruit [5]  10 %
Diet - Invertibrates [5]  70 %
Diet - Plants [5]  10 %
Diet - Seeds [5]  10 %
Forages - Water Surface [5]  20 %
Forages - Underwater [5]  80 %
Female Maturity [6]  2 years
Male Maturity [6]  2 years

Ecoregions

Protected Areas

Name IUCN Category Area acres Location Species Website Climate Land Use
Aleutian Islands Biosphere Reserve 2720489 Alaska, United States    
Arctic National Wildlife Refuge Ib 12402936 Alaska, United States
Ostrov Vrangelya (Wrangel Island) Zapovednik Nature Monument III 180 Russia    
Yukon Delta National Wildlife Refuge 26359252 Alaska, United States      

Important Bird Areas

Prey / Diet

Macoma brota (heavy macoma)[9]
Macoma calcarea (chalky macoma)[9]
Macoma lama (Aleutian macoma)[9]

Consumers

Range Map

External References

NatureServe Explorer

Citations

Attributes / relations provided by
♦ 1Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed February 01, 2010 at animaldiversity.org
♦ 2Nathan P. Myhrvold, Elita Baldridge, Benjamin Chan, Dhileep Sivam, Daniel L. Freeman, and S. K. Morgan Ernest. 2015. An amniote life-history database to perform comparative analyses with birds, mammals, and reptiles. Ecology 96:3109
♦ 3Partners in Flight Avian Conservation Assessment Database, version 2017. Accessed on January 2018.
♦ 4Terje Lislevand, Jordi Figuerola, and Tamás Székely. 2007. Avian body sizes in relation to fecundity, mating system, display behavior, and resource sharing. Ecology 88:1605
♦ 5Hamish Wilman, Jonathan Belmaker, Jennifer Simpson, Carolina de la Rosa, Marcelo M. Rivadeneira, and Walter Jetz. 2014. EltonTraits 1.0: Species-level foraging attributes of the world's birds and mammals. Ecology 95:2027
♦ 6de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774
♦ 7Alaska Department of Fish and Game
♦ 8Jetz W, Sekercioglu CH, Böhning-Gaese K (2008) The Worldwide Variation in Avian Clutch Size across Species and Space PLoS Biol 6(12): e303. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0060303
♦ 9Foods of Spectacled Eiders Somateria fischeri in the Bering Sea, Alaska, Margaret R Petersen, John F Piatt and Kimberley A Trust, WILDFOWL (1998) 49: 124-128
♦ 10Gibson, D. I., Bray, R. A., & Harris, E. A. (Compilers) (2005). Host-Parasite Database of the Natural History Museum, London
Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 Wildfinder Database
Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0