Phyllonorycter melanosparta is a moth of the Gracillariidae family. It is known from South Africa, Zimbabwe and western Kenya. The habitat consists of secondary woodland where forest flora intermixes with savannah plants. The length of the forewings is 2.5–2.8 mm. The forewing ground colour is ferruginous-ochreous with blackish fuscous markings. The hindwings are pale grey with a silver shine and a long pale fuscous fringe. Adults are on wing from late December to late January and from late March to July.