Animalia > Chordata > Elasmobranchii > Torpediniformes > Torpedinidae > Tetronarce > Tetronarce californica

Tetronarce californica (Electric ray; Pacific electric ray; Pacific torpedo)

Synonyms: Tetranarce californica; Torpedo californica
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Wikipedia Abstract

Tetronarce californica also known as the Pacific electric ray is a species of electric ray in the family Torpedinidae, endemic to the coastal waters of the northeastern Pacific Ocean from Baja California to British Columbia. It generally inhabits sandy flats, rocky reefs, and kelp forests from the surface to a depth of 200 m (660 ft), but has also been known to make forays into the open ocean. Measuring up to 1.4 m (4.6 ft) long, this species has smooth-rimmed spiracles (paired respiratory openings behind the eyes) and a dark gray, slate, or brown dorsal coloration, sometimes with dark spots. Its body form is typical of the genus, with a rounded pectoral fin disc wider than long and a thick tail bearing two dorsal fins of unequal size and a well-developed caudal fin.
View Wikipedia Record: Tetronarce californica

Attributes

Female Maturity [1]  9 years
Litter Size [1]  17
Maximum Longevity [1]  16 years

Protected Areas

Name IUCN Category Area acres Location Species Website Climate Land Use
Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary   California, United States
Channel Islands National Park II 139010 California, United States
Farallon National Wildlife Refuge IV 352 California, United States
Gwaii Haanas National Park Reserve II 366714 British Columbia, Canada
Pacific Rim National Park Reserve II 137900 British Columbia, Canada

Consumers

Parasitized by 
Acanthobothrium hispidum[2]
Eudactylina similis[2]
Trebius latifurcatus[2]

External References

Citations

Attributes / relations provided by
1de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774
2Pollerspöck, J. & Straube, N. (2015), Bibliography database of living/fossil sharks, rays and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii, Holocephali) -Host-Parasites List/Parasite-Hosts List-, World Wide Web electronic publication, Version 04/2015;
Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0