The Neosho madtom (Noturus placidus) is a small North American freshwater catfish. It has been listed as a threatened species in the United States since 1990, but the IUCN lists it as low risk. The Neosho madtom has features characteristic of all North American catfish, including scaleless skin and a relatively large head with sensory barbels. Adults average less than 3 in (8 cm) in length. They have a brownish midline stripe and an overall mottled appearance. The light-colored edge of the adipose fin is the best characteristic to distinguish it from similar species.