Oreochromis amphimelas is a species of cichlid endemic to Tanzania, where it is found in Lake Manyara, Lake Eyasi, Lake Kitangiri, and Lake Singida. Males of this species reach 28 cm (11 in) in standard length, while the females grow to 33.3 cm (13.1 in). It is much smaller in the more saline lakes (Lake Eyasi and Lake Manyara) only reaching a length around 13 cm (5.1 in). It can also be found in the aquarium trade.