Hoplotilapia retrodens is a species of fish endemic to Lake Victoria in East Africa. The species is the only representative of the monotypic genus Hoplotilapia, and is part of family Cichlidae in subfamily Pseudocrenilabrinae. The species was listed by the IUCN as extinct, though Harrison and Stiassny (1999) considered its status unresolved. The conservation status was reassessed in 2010 and the IUCN now list it as vulnerable.