The Zagros pupfish (Aphanius vladykovi) is an endemic species found in a restricted area of the central Zagros Mountains of Iran and is an attractive species for keeping in aquaria. Its name in Persian is ماهی پرچمی (mahi-e parchami) [flagfish] or ماهی گورخری زاگرس (mahi-e gour-e khari-e Zagros), which means Zagros zebrafish. Little information on this species beyond the original description and some brief biological observations is available.