The Carolina fantail darter (Etheostoma brevispinum) is a species of darter endemic to the eastern United States, where it occurs in the Santee and Savannah River drainages and Yadkin River system (downstream to and including the South Yadkin River and Bear Creek) of the Pee Dee River drainage in North Carolina, northern South Carolina and southern Virginia. This species can reach a length of 6.3 cm (2.5 in).