Xylophanes robinsonii is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is known from Cuba. The length of the forewings is about 22 mm. It is similar to Theretra monteironis and Xylophanes fosteri but smaller and the postmedian lines on the forewing upperside are better developed. The tegula has a golden-yellow midline. The forewing upperside is similar to Xylophanes fosteri but the discal spot has no darker dashes or a darker cloud immediately distal to it. The second postmedian line is distally double. Adults are probably on wing year round.