Bucculatrix alaternella is a moth in the Bucculatricidae family. It is found in France, Spain and Portugal. The wingspan is about 9 mm. The larvae feed on Rhamnus alaternus. They mine the leaves of their host plant. The mine has the form of a slender, tortuous gallery. The frass is deposited in the gallery and the larval chamber. Later, larvae live freely on the leaf, causing window feeding. Larvae can be found from October to November.