Coleophora calligoni is a moth of the Coleophoridae family. It is found in southern Russia, Turkestan and Uzbekistan. Adults are on wing from June to August. The larvae feed on the fruits of Calligonum species, including Calligonum junceum and Calligonum microcarpum. They create a silky case. The surface is slightly rugulose (finely wrinkled). The valve is three-sided. The case has a length of 10–14 mm and it is brownish, with light-colored, yellowish, slightly raised spots forming a marbled pattern. Larvae can be found from May to the beginning of June. Fully fed larvae estivate and hibernate. A diapause of up to three to four years has been recorded.