Attributes / relations provided by
♦ 1del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.).
Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
♦ 2NOTES ON FOOD HABITS OF THE BLACK AND WHITE OWL, Carlos Ibañez, Cristina Ramo and Benjamín Busto, The Condor 94:529-531 (1992)