Attributes / relations provided by
♦ ¹Diet and trophic ecology of skates in the Gulf of Alaska (Raja and Bathyraja spp.): ecological information for ecosystem–based management of demersal resources, David A. Ebert, Joseph J. Bizzarro, Simon C. Brown, Mariah D. Boyle, and Gregor M. Cailliet, NPRB Project 621 Final Report (2008)
♦ ²Feeding of Liparids (Liparidae) in the Western Bering Sea, V. V. Napazakov and V. I. Chuchukalo, Journal of Ichthyology, Vol. 45, No. 4, 2005, pp. 313–317