World Species : Protected Area : Ao Phang Nga National Park

Ao Phang Nga National Park

Location:	Thailand
IUCN Category:	II
Area:	103,730 acres (41,978 hectares)
Species:	All Endangered Invasive
Website:	View website
Climate:	View Climate Data
Land Use:	View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:	Am (Climate: equatorial; Precipitation: monsoonal)

Ecoregions

Myanmar Coast mangroves
Tenasserim-South Thailand semi-evergreen rain forests

Soils

— Protected Area Boundary

	A					B					C

Share	40 %	20 %	20 %	10 %	10 %	35 %	35 %	10 %	10 %	10 %	60 %	30 %	10 %
Soil Type	Orthic Acrisols	Dystric Nitosols	Ferric Acrisols	Lithosols	Ferralic Cambisols	Orthic Acrisols	Orthic Acrisols	Lithosols	Dystric Cambisols	Humic Acrisols	Thionic Fluvisols	Humic Gleysols	Dystric Gleysols
Topsoil Texture	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Fine	Medium	Medium	Medium	Fine	Medium	Medium
Reference Depth	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	10 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	10 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm
Drainage	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Moderately well	Very poor	Poor	Poor
Available Water Capacity	150 m	150 m	150 m	15 mm	150 m	50 m	50 m	15 mm	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m
Phase 1						Lithic	Lithic
Topsoil Properties
Gravel	10 %	11 %	23 %	26 %	1 %	10 %	4 %	26 %	10 %	5 %	4 %	4 %	2 %
Sand	49 %	44 %	53 %	43 %	52 %	49 %	29 %	43 %	41 %	46 %	8 %	33 %	40 %
Silt	27 %	33 %	22 %	34 %	25 %	27 %	25 %	34 %	39 %	30 %	34 %	45 %	39 %
Clay	24 %	23 %	25 %	23 %	23 %	24 %	46 %	23 %	20 %	24 %	58 %	22 %	21 %
USDA Texture	Sandy clay loam	Loam	Sandy clay loam	Loam	Sandy clay loam	Sandy clay loam	Clay	Loam	Loam	Loam	Clay	Loam	Loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.4 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.26 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.19 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.4 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.31 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.27 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.18 g/cm³	1.2 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	1 %	0.99 %	0.98 %	1.4 %	0.95 %	1 %	1.07 %	1.4 %	1.45 %	1.73 %	2.59 %	3.71 %	1.25 %
PH	4.6	4.9	5.1	7.6	4.7	4.6	4.6	7.6	5.1	5	5	5.5	5.1
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	16 cmol kg⁻¹	20 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	30 cmol kg⁻¹	19 cmol kg⁻¹	23 cmol kg⁻¹	33 cmol kg⁻¹	24 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	7 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	7 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	27 cmol kg⁻¹	18 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	44 %	51 %	49 %	100 %	39 %	44 %	38 %	100 %	37 %	27 %	80 %	34 %	47 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	3.5 cmol kg⁻¹	3.1 cmol kg⁻¹	2.7 cmol kg⁻¹	15.6 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹	3.5 cmol kg⁻¹	5.7 cmol kg⁻¹	15.6 cmol kg⁻¹	4.1 cmol kg⁻¹	2.5 cmol kg⁻¹	12.8 cmol kg⁻¹	3.1 cmol kg⁻¹	5.5 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0 %	0 %	0 %	3.9 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	3.9 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	1 %	1 %	2 %	4 %	2 %	1 %	1 %	4 %	1 %	1 %	17 %	2 %	1 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel	10 %	26 %	19 %		5 %	10 %	4 %		20 %	7 %	3 %	5 %	4 %
Sand	40 %	35 %	41 %		48 %	40 %	23 %		45 %	41 %	10 %	37 %	41 %
Silt	24 %	24 %	20 %		24 %	24 %	22 %		35 %	26 %	33 %	35 %	34 %
Clay	36 %	41 %	39 %		28 %	36 %	55 %		20 %	33 %	57 %	28 %	25 %
USDA Texture	Clay loam	Clay	Clay loam		Sandy clay loam	Clay loam	Clay		Loam	Clay loam	Clay	Clay loam	Loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.32 g/cm³	1.29 g/cm³	1.31 g/cm³		1.37 g/cm³	1.32 g/cm³	1.23 g/cm³		1.42 g/cm³	1.34 g/cm³	1.2 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.4 g/cm³	1.53 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³		1.3 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.27 g/cm³		1.37 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.09 g/cm³	1.46 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.42 %	0.38 %	0.39 %		0.35 %	0.42 %	0.46 %		0.5 %	0.77 %	3.49 %	0.69 %	0.4 %
PH	4.8	5	5		4.9	4.8	4.9		5.2	5.2	4.2	5.6	5.2
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	14 cmol kg⁻¹	18 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹		12 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹		36 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	25 cmol kg⁻¹	41 cmol kg⁻¹	31 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	6 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹		5 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹		9 cmol kg⁻¹	7 cmol kg⁻¹	27 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	32 %	28 %	33 %		57 %	32 %	23 %		33 %	21 %	78 %	62 %	47 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	2.3 cmol kg⁻¹	4.7 cmol kg⁻¹	1.3 cmol kg⁻¹		3.7 cmol kg⁻¹	2.3 cmol kg⁻¹	2.7 cmol kg⁻¹		2.6 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹	17.9 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	6.1 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0 %	0 %	0 %		0 %	0 %	0 %		0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %		0 %	0 %	0 %		0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	2 %	1 %	2 %		2 %	2 %	1 %		1 %	1 %	15 %	4 %	1 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1

Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263