Monduli Forest Reserve

Location:Tanzania
Area:21,687 acres (8,776 hectares)
Species:All  Endangered  Invasive
Climate:View Climate Data
Land Use:View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:Aw (Climate: equatorial; Precipitation: winter dry)

Ecoregions

East African montane forests

Soils

Protected Area Boundary
 AB
   
Share85 %15 %50 %30 %20 %
Soil TypeMollic AndosolsEutric VertisolsEutric LeptosolsEutric RegosolsVitric Andosols
Topsoil TextureMediumFineMediumMediumMedium
Reference Depth100 cm100 cm30 cm100 cm100 cm
DrainageModerately wellPoorImperfectlyModerately wellModerately well
Available Water Capacity150 m125 m50 mm150 m150 m
Misc. Property Vertic (cracks of more than 1 cm wide)   
Topsoil Properties
Gravel1 %0 %10 %0 %1 %
Sand38 %24 %24 %52 %61 %
Silt36 %17 %46 %22 %32 %
Clay26 %59 %30 %26 %7 %
USDA TextureLoamClayClay loamSandy clay loamSandy loam
Reference Bulk Density1.36 g/cm³1.21 g/cm³1.31 g/cm³1.39 g/cm³1.6 g/cm³
Bulk Density0.82 g/cm³1.56 g/cm³1.33 g/cm³1.17 g/cm³0.97 g/cm³
Organic Carbon3.71 %0.79 %2.64 %1.11 %3.43 %
PH6.56.15.86.25.8
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity54 cmol kg⁻¹53 cmol kg⁻¹13 cmol kg⁻¹48 cmol kg⁻¹70 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity27 cmol kg⁻¹34 cmol kg⁻¹13 cmol kg⁻¹17 cmol kg⁻¹17 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation80 %84 %88 %80 %45 %
Total Exchangeable Bases21.6 cmol kg⁻¹28.6 cmol kg⁻¹11.4 cmol kg⁻¹13.6 cmol kg⁻¹7.7 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate0.7 %0.5 %0 %0.5 %0 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium1 %1 %1 %2 %1 %
Electrical Conductivity0 dS m-10 dS m-10 dS m-10 dS m-10 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel1 %0 % 0 %1 %
Sand37 %21 % 61 %68 %
Silt35 %17 % 18 %26 %
Clay28 %62 % 21 %6 %
USDA TextureClay loamClay (heavy) Sandy clay loamSandy loam
Reference Bulk Density1.35 g/cm³1.2 g/cm³ 1.44 g/cm³1.63 g/cm³
Bulk Density0.79 g/cm³1.59 g/cm³ 1.29 g/cm³1 g/cm³
Organic Carbon1.55 %0.48 % 0.76 %1.48 %
PH6.56.5 5.86.1
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity66 cmol kg⁻¹51 cmol kg⁻¹ 103 cmol kg⁻¹131 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity24 cmol kg⁻¹33 cmol kg⁻¹ 32 cmol kg⁻¹13 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation80 %83 % 75 %75 %
Total Exchangeable Bases19.2 cmol kg⁻¹27.4 cmol kg⁻¹ 24 cmol kg⁻¹9.8 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate1 %0.9 % 0.2 %0.4 %
Calcium Sulphate0.1 %0.1 % 0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium2 %1 % 3 %2 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-10.2 dS m-1 0 dS m-10 dS m-1
Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.
Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263