Teberdinskiy Biosphere Reserve

Location:Karachay-Cherkessia, Russia
IUCN Category:Ia
Area:210,198 acres (85,064 hectares)
Species:All  Endangered  Invasive
Website:View website
Climate:View Climate Data
Land Use:View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:Dfc (Climate: snow; Precipitation: fully humid; Temperature: cool summer)

Ecoregions

Caucasus mixed forests

Soils

Protected Area Boundary
 ABC
    
Share  60 %30 %10 %
Soil TypeDystric CambisolsDystric LeptosolsDystric LeptosolsUmbric LeptosolsMollic Leptosols
Topsoil TextureCoarseCoarseMediumMediumMedium
Reference Depth100 cm30 cm30 cm30 cm30 cm
DrainageWellModerately wellImperfectlyImperfectlyImperfectly
Available Water Capacity15 m15 mm50 mm50 mm50 mm
Phase 1GravellyStony   
Phase 2 Gravelly   
Root ObstacleNone to 80 cm    
Impermeable LayerNone to 150 cm    
Soil Water RegimeNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month    
Topsoil Properties
Gravel10 %23 %31 %32 %27 %
Sand75 %76 %53 %55 %44 %
Silt15 %14 %26 %26 %32 %
Clay10 %10 %21 %19 %24 %
USDA TextureSandy loamSandy loamSandy clay loamSandy loamLoam
Reference Bulk Density1.58 g/cm³1.58 g/cm³1.42 g/cm³1.44 g/cm³1.38 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.49 g/cm³1.47 g/cm³1.45 g/cm³1.07 g/cm³1.11 g/cm³
Organic Carbon0.7 %0.65 %0.75 %2.62 %1.67 %
PH5.15.15.157.2
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity21 cmol kg⁻¹19 cmol kg⁻¹15 cmol kg⁻¹20 cmol kg⁻¹66 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity5 cmol kg⁻¹4 cmol kg⁻¹6 cmol kg⁻¹13 cmol kg⁻¹22 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation28 %62 %38 %29 %99 %
Total Exchangeable Bases1.5 cmol kg⁻¹3.4 cmol kg⁻¹2.3 cmol kg⁻¹3.8 cmol kg⁻¹21.8 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate0 %0 %0 %0 %2.7 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 %0 %0.1 %
Exchangeable Sodium5 %3 %2 %1 %1 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10 dS m-10 dS m-10.2 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel9 %    
Sand68 %    
Silt17 %    
Clay15 %    
USDA TextureSandy loam    
Reference Bulk Density1.51 g/cm³    
Bulk Density1.5 g/cm³    
Organic Carbon0.27 %    
PH5    
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity31 cmol kg⁻¹    
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity5 cmol kg⁻¹    
Base Saturation36 %    
Total Exchangeable Bases1.4 cmol kg⁻¹    
Calcium Carbonate0 %    
Calcium Sulphate0 %    
Exchangeable Sodium5 %    
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-1    
Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.
Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263