World Species : Protected Area : Kostomukshsky Zapovednik

Kostomukshsky Zapovednik

Location:	Karelia, Russia
IUCN Category:	Ia
Area:	117,269 acres (47,457 hectares)
Species:	All Endangered Invasive
Website:	View website
Climate:	View Climate Data
Land Use:	View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:	Dfc (Climate: snow; Precipitation: fully humid; Temperature: cool summer)

Ecoregions

Scandinavian and Russian taiga

Soils

— Protected Area Boundary

	A		B			C		D	E

Share	90 %	10 %	80 %	10 %	10 %	80 %	10 %		40 %	30 %	20 %	10 %
Soil Type	Ferric Podzols	Ferric Podzols	Ferric Podzols	Gelic Histosols	Haplic Podzols	Ferric Podzols	Gelic Histosols	Ferric Podzols	Fibric Histosols	Haplic Podzols	Terric Histosols	Gleyic Podzols
Topsoil Texture	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse	Medium	Medium	Coarse	Medium	Coarse	Fine	Coarse	Medium	Coarse
Reference Depth	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm
Drainage	Somewhat excessive	Somewhat excessive	Somewhat excessive	Very poor	Moderately well	Somewhat excessive	Very poor	Somewhat excessive	Very poor	Somewhat excessive	Very poor	Poor
Available Water Capacity	15 m	15 m	100 m	150 m	150 m	100 m	150 m	100 m	150 m	50 m	150 m	50 m
Phase 1	Gravelly	Gravelly		Phreatic			Phreatic			Stony		Stony
Root Obstacle	0 - 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	60 - 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	60 - 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm
Impermeable Layer	80 - 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	40 - 80 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	40 - 80 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm
Soil Water Regime	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month	Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month	Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month
Misc. Property				Gelic (permafrost within 200 cm)			Gelic (permafrost within 200 cm)
Topsoil Properties
Gravel	3 %	3 %	3 %		15 %	3 %		3 %	1 %	3 %	28 %	2 %
Sand	86 %	86 %	86 %	18 %	50 %	86 %	18 %	86 %	20 %	87 %	35 %	86 %
Silt	8 %	8 %	8 %	61 %	40 %	8 %	61 %	8 %	40 %	9 %	33 %	10 %
Clay	6 %	6 %	6 %	21 %	10 %	6 %	21 %	6 %	40 %	4 %	32 %	4 %
USDA Texture	Loamy sand	Loamy sand	Loamy sand	Silt loam	Loam	Loamy sand	Silt loam	Loamy sand	Clay	Loamy sand	Clay loam	Loamy sand
Reference Bulk Density	1.67 g/cm³	1.67 g/cm³	1.67 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.53 g/cm³	1.67 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.67 g/cm³	1.26 g/cm³	1.73 g/cm³	1.32 g/cm³	1.73 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.41 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	0.26 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	0.26 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	0.1 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	0.28 g/cm³	1.31 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	2.02 %	2.02 %	2.02 %	35.27 %	5.27 %	2.02 %	35.27 %	2.02 %	33.63 %	2.18 %	39.4 %	1.97 %
PH	4.5	4.5	4.5	4.8	4.5	4.5	4.8	4.5	4.3	4.4	5.6	4.4
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	78 cmol kg⁻¹	78 cmol kg⁻¹	78 cmol kg⁻¹	45 cmol kg⁻¹	89 cmol kg⁻¹	78 cmol kg⁻¹	45 cmol kg⁻¹	78 cmol kg⁻¹	45 cmol kg⁻¹	101 cmol kg⁻¹	45 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	5 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	134 cmol kg⁻¹	28 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	134 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	77 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	87 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	17 %	17 %	17 %	64 %	11 %	17 %	64 %	17 %	62 %	11 %	75 %	18 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	2.5 cmol kg⁻¹	2.5 cmol kg⁻¹	2.5 cmol kg⁻¹	45.4 cmol kg⁻¹	5.6 cmol kg⁻¹	2.5 cmol kg⁻¹	45.4 cmol kg⁻¹	2.5 cmol kg⁻¹	31.4 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹	59.5 cmol kg⁻¹	3.6 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	1 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	2 %	1 %	1 %	1 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel	3 %	3 %	3 %		15 %	3 %		3 %	2 %	4 %	5 %	3 %
Sand	86 %	86 %	86 %	18 %	55 %	86 %	18 %	86 %	47 %	88 %	52 %	85 %
Silt	6 %	6 %	6 %	61 %	35 %	6 %	61 %	6 %	26 %	8 %	23 %	10 %
Clay	8 %	8 %	8 %	21 %	10 %	8 %	21 %	8 %	27 %	4 %	25 %	5 %
USDA Texture	Loamy sand	Loamy sand	Loamy sand	Silt loam	Sandy loam	Loamy sand	Silt loam	Loamy sand	Sandy clay loam	Sand	Sandy clay loam	Loamy sand
Reference Bulk Density	1.63 g/cm³	1.63 g/cm³	1.63 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.54 g/cm³	1.63 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.63 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.74 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.7 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.57 g/cm³	1.57 g/cm³	1.57 g/cm³	0.16 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³	1.57 g/cm³	0.16 g/cm³	1.57 g/cm³	0.1 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	0.18 g/cm³	1.54 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.51 %	0.51 %	0.51 %	39.16 %	0.81 %	0.51 %	39.16 %	0.51 %	32.89 %	0.39 %	38.46 %	0.91 %
PH	5.1	5.1	5.1	5.2	5	5.1	5.2	5.1	4.6	5	5.8	4.9
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	50 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹	49 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹	49 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹	71 cmol kg⁻¹	66 cmol kg⁻¹	49 cmol kg⁻¹	44 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	2 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	79 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	79 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	78 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	88 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	21 %	21 %	21 %	59 %	13 %	21 %	59 %	21 %	40 %	21 %	96 %	21 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	1.5 cmol kg⁻¹	1.5 cmol kg⁻¹	1.5 cmol kg⁻¹	55.3 cmol kg⁻¹	0.8 cmol kg⁻¹	1.5 cmol kg⁻¹	55.3 cmol kg⁻¹	1.5 cmol kg⁻¹	27.4 cmol kg⁻¹	1.5 cmol kg⁻¹	81.8 cmol kg⁻¹	1.7 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	1 %	3 %	1 %	3 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1

Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263