World Species : Protected Area : Omo Strict Natural Reserve

Omo Strict Natural Reserve

Location:	Nigeria
Area:	328,086 acres (132,772 hectares)
Species:	All Endangered Invasive
Climate:	View Climate Data
Land Use:	View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:	Aw (Climate: equatorial; Precipitation: winter dry)

Ecoregions

Nigerian lowland forests

Soils

— Protected Area Boundary

	A				B				C		D			E		F

Share	50 %	30 %	10 %	10 %	50 %	20 %	20 %	10 %	90 %	10 %	60 %	20 %	20 %	70 %	30 %	40 %	20 %	20 %	20 %
Soil Type	Ferric Luvisols	Eutric Nitosols	Luvic Arenosols	Lithosols	Dystric Nitosols	Plinthic Acrisols	Ferric Acrisols	Lithosols	Dystric Nitosols	Gleysols	Eutric Nitosols	Dystric Nitosols	Lithosols	Eutric Nitosols	Dystric Nitosols	Dystric Regosols	Albic Arenosols	Humic Podzols	Humic Gleysols
Topsoil Texture	Fine	Medium	Coarse	Medium	Coarse	Medium	Medium	Medium	Coarse	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Coarse	Medium	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse	Medium
Reference Depth	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	10 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	10 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	10 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm
Drainage	Moderately well	Moderately well	Somewhat excessive	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Poor	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Poor	Moderately well	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Moderately well	Somewhat excessive	Somewhat excessive	Somewhat excessive	Poor
Available Water Capacity	50 m	150 m	100 m	15 mm	50 m	150 m	150 m	15 mm	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	15 mm	150 m	150 m	100 m	100 m	100 m	150 m
Phase 1	Petric				Petric
Topsoil Properties
Gravel	5 %	10 %	4 %	26 %	4 %	35 %	23 %	26 %	4 %	4 %	10 %	11 %	26 %	10 %	11 %	19 %	4 %	3 %	4 %
Sand	26 %	49 %	90 %	43 %	76 %	47 %	53 %	43 %	76 %	38 %	49 %	44 %	43 %	81 %	44 %	82 %	89 %	90 %	33 %
Silt	25 %	28 %	5 %	34 %	13 %	30 %	22 %	34 %	13 %	40 %	28 %	33 %	34 %	7 %	33 %	10 %	7 %	7 %	45 %
Clay	49 %	23 %	5 %	23 %	11 %	23 %	25 %	23 %	11 %	22 %	23 %	23 %	23 %	12 %	23 %	8 %	4 %	3 %	22 %
USDA Texture	Clay	Loam	Sand	Loam	Sandy loam	Loam	Sandy clay loam	Loam	Sandy loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Sandy loam	Loam	Loamy sand	Sand	Sand	Loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.25 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.71 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.56 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.56 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.56 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.62 g/cm³	1.74 g/cm³	1.78 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.46 g/cm³	1.49 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.53 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.53 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³	1.49 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.32 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.2 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	1.45 %	0.58 %	0.35 %	1.4 %	0.61 %	1.13 %	0.98 %	1.4 %	0.61 %	1.27 %	0.58 %	0.99 %	1.4 %	0.53 %	0.99 %	0.7 %	0.4 %	2.85 %	3.71 %
PH	5.9	6.2	5.7	7.6	5.5	4.8	5.1	7.6	5.5	5.8	6.2	4.9	7.6	6.3	4.9	5.4	5.9	4.4	5.5
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	19 cmol kg⁻¹	32 cmol kg⁻¹	32 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	23 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	23 cmol kg⁻¹	35 cmol kg⁻¹	32 cmol kg⁻¹	20 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	28 cmol kg⁻¹	20 cmol kg⁻¹	27 cmol kg⁻¹	21 cmol kg⁻¹	29 cmol kg⁻¹	33 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	15 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	4 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	4 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	4 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹	4 cmol kg⁻¹	18 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	73 %	81 %	80 %	100 %	73 %	54 %	49 %	100 %	73 %	82 %	81 %	51 %	100 %	73 %	51 %	38 %	70 %	18 %	34 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	9.5 cmol kg⁻¹	7.2 cmol kg⁻¹	1.9 cmol kg⁻¹	15.6 cmol kg⁻¹	4.9 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹	2.7 cmol kg⁻¹	15.6 cmol kg⁻¹	4.9 cmol kg⁻¹	8.8 cmol kg⁻¹	7.2 cmol kg⁻¹	3.1 cmol kg⁻¹	15.6 cmol kg⁻¹	4 cmol kg⁻¹	3.1 cmol kg⁻¹	1.7 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹	2.5 cmol kg⁻¹	3.1 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0 %	0 %	0 %	3.9 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	3.9 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	3.9 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	1 %	1 %	3 %	4 %	8 %	2 %	2 %	4 %	8 %	2 %	1 %	1 %	4 %	3 %	1 %	3 %	3 %	1 %	2 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel	8 %	5 %	4 %		4 %	19 %	19 %		4 %	5 %	5 %	26 %		10 %	26 %	10 %	4 %	3 %	5 %
Sand	20 %	38 %	87 %		62 %	36 %	41 %		62 %	37 %	38 %	35 %		69 %	35 %	81 %	87 %	89 %	37 %
Silt	22 %	23 %	5 %		13 %	27 %	20 %		13 %	35 %	23 %	24 %		8 %	24 %	11 %	8 %	7 %	35 %
Clay	58 %	39 %	8 %		25 %	37 %	39 %		25 %	28 %	39 %	41 %		23 %	41 %	8 %	5 %	4 %	28 %
USDA Texture	Clay	Clay loam	Loamy sand		Sandy clay loam	Clay loam	Clay loam		Sandy clay loam	Clay loam	Clay loam	Clay		Sandy clay loam	Clay	Loamy sand	Sand	Sand	Clay loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.21 g/cm³	1.31 g/cm³	1.63 g/cm³		1.42 g/cm³	1.31 g/cm³	1.31 g/cm³		1.42 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.31 g/cm³	1.29 g/cm³		1.44 g/cm³	1.29 g/cm³	1.62 g/cm³	1.7 g/cm³	1.74 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.44 g/cm³	1.54 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³		1.55 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³		1.55 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.54 g/cm³	1.53 g/cm³		1.55 g/cm³	1.53 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.56 g/cm³	1.59 g/cm³	1.46 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.46 %	0.4 %	0.2 %		0.27 %	0.41 %	0.39 %		0.27 %	0.42 %	0.4 %	0.38 %		0.26 %	0.38 %	0.31 %	0.22 %	0.48 %	0.69 %
PH	5.7	6.3	5.6		5.1	4.8	5		5.1	6.3	6.3	5		6.5	5	5.2	5.6	4.8	5.6
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	15 cmol kg⁻¹	41 cmol kg⁻¹	24 cmol kg⁻¹		14 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹		14 cmol kg⁻¹	38 cmol kg⁻¹	41 cmol kg⁻¹	18 cmol kg⁻¹		30 cmol kg⁻¹	18 cmol kg⁻¹	22 cmol kg⁻¹	23 cmol kg⁻¹	33 cmol kg⁻¹	41 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	13 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹		4 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹		4 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹		7 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹	1 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	65 %	82 %	76 %		93 %	32 %	33 %		93 %	86 %	82 %	28 %		78 %	28 %	79 %	68 %	21 %	62 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	8 cmol kg⁻¹	9.4 cmol kg⁻¹	2.1 cmol kg⁻¹		2.7 cmol kg⁻¹	1.9 cmol kg⁻¹	1.3 cmol kg⁻¹		2.7 cmol kg⁻¹	9.5 cmol kg⁻¹	9.4 cmol kg⁻¹	4.7 cmol kg⁻¹		6 cmol kg⁻¹	4.7 cmol kg⁻¹	2.8 cmol kg⁻¹	1.8 cmol kg⁻¹	1.3 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0 %	0 %	0 %		0 %	0 %	0 %		0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %		0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %		0 %	0 %	0 %		0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %		0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	1 %	1 %	3 %		4 %	3 %	2 %		4 %	2 %	1 %	1 %		2 %	1 %	4 %	6 %	0 %	4 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1

Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263