Bako National Park

Location:Sarawak, Malaysia
IUCN Category:II
Area:9,035 acres (3,656 hectares)
Species:All  Endangered  Invasive
Website:View website
Climate:View Climate Data
Köppen climate classification:Af (Climate: equatorial; Precipitation: fully humid)

Ecoregions

Sunda Shelf mangroves

Soils

Protected Area Boundary
 A
  
Share60 %30 %10 %
Soil TypeAlbic ArenosolsOrthic PodzolsDystric Fluvisols
Topsoil TextureCoarseCoarseMedium
Reference Depth100 cm100 cm100 cm
DrainageSomewhat excessiveSomewhat excessivePoor
Available Water Capacity100 m100 m150 m
Topsoil Properties
Gravel4 %4 %4 %
Sand89 %85 %49 %
Silt7 %11 %32 %
Clay4 %4 %19 %
USDA TextureSandLoamy sandLoam
Reference Bulk Density1.74 g/cm³1.73 g/cm³1.43 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.32 g/cm³1.36 g/cm³1.33 g/cm³
Organic Carbon0.4 %2.09 %1.1 %
PH5.94.55
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity21 cmol kg⁻¹98 cmol kg⁻¹24 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity3 cmol kg⁻¹10 cmol kg⁻¹7 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation70 %16 %36 %
Total Exchangeable Bases2.6 cmol kg⁻¹2.5 cmol kg⁻¹2.9 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate0 %0 %0 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium3 %1 %2 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel4 %5 %8 %
Sand87 %84 %52 %
Silt8 %11 %28 %
Clay5 %5 %20 %
USDA TextureSandLoamy sandLoam
Reference Bulk Density1.7 g/cm³1.7 g/cm³1.43 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.56 g/cm³1.51 g/cm³1.29 g/cm³
Organic Carbon0.22 %0.59 %0.42 %
PH5.64.85
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity23 cmol kg⁻¹63 cmol kg⁻¹22 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity1 cmol kg⁻¹4 cmol kg⁻¹7 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation68 %23 %28 %
Total Exchangeable Bases1.8 cmol kg⁻¹1.6 cmol kg⁻¹1.9 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate0 %0 %0 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium6 %2 %2 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1
Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.
Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263