Tundah Sanctuary

Location:Himachal Pradesh, India
IUCN Category:IV
Area:26,333 acres (10,657 hectares)
Species:All  Endangered  Invasive
Climate:View Climate Data
Land Use:View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:Dwc (Climate: snow; Precipitation: winter dry; Temperature: cool summer)

Ecoregions

Northwestern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows
Western Himalayan subalpine conifer forests

Soils

Protected Area Boundary
 A
  
Share34 %33 %33 %
Soil TypeLithosolsRankersCambisols
Topsoil TextureMediumMediumMedium
Reference Depth10 cm30 cm100 cm
DrainageImperfectlyImperfectlyModerately well
Available Water Capacity15 mm50 mm150 m
Topsoil Properties
Gravel26 %10 %8 %
Sand43 %48 %43 %
Silt34 %31 %36 %
Clay23 %21 %21 %
USDA TextureLoamLoamLoam
Reference Bulk Density1.39 g/cm³1.42 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.3 g/cm³1.45 g/cm³1.35 g/cm³
Organic Carbon1.4 %1.43 %1.04 %
PH7.65.16.3
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity42 cmol kg⁻¹18 cmol kg⁻¹44 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity15 cmol kg⁻¹9 cmol kg⁻¹13 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation100 %47 %78 %
Total Exchangeable Bases15.6 cmol kg⁻¹3.7 cmol kg⁻¹9.8 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate3.9 %0 %0 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium4 %2 %1 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel  13 %
Sand  42 %
Silt  34 %
Clay  24 %
USDA Texture  Loam
Reference Bulk Density  1.38 g/cm³
Bulk Density  1.4 g/cm³
Organic Carbon  0.43 %
PH  6.6
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity  41 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity  12 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation  92 %
Total Exchangeable Bases  11 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate  0 %
Calcium Sulphate  0 %
Exchangeable Sodium  1 %
Electrical Conductivity  0.1 dS m-1
Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.
Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263