World Species : Protected Area : Sanjay Gandhi National Park

Sanjay Gandhi National Park

Location:	Maharashtra, India
IUCN Category:	II
Area:	439,343 acres (177,796 hectares)
Species:	All Endangered Invasive
Website:	View website
Climate:	View Climate Data
Land Use:	View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:	Cwa (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: winter dry; Temperature: hot summer)

Ecoregions

Chhota-Nagpur dry deciduous forests
Malabar Coast moist forests
Narmada Valley dry deciduous forests

Soils

— Protected Area Boundary

	A				B	C					D			E			F

Share	50 %	20 %	20 %	10 %		40 %	20 %	20 %	10 %	10 %	60 %	20 %	20 %	60 %	20 %	20 %	60 %	20 %	20 %
Soil Type	Chromic Cambisols	Eutric Nitosols	Ferric Luvisols	Eutric Fluvisols	Lithosols	Eutric Fluvisols	Orthic Solonchaks	Eutric Cambisols	Calcaric Regosols	Thionic Fluvisols	Ferric Luvisols	Gleyic Luvisols	Chromic Luvisols	Chromic Vertisols	Chromic Luvisols	Chromic Cambisols	Eutric Nitosols	Ferric Luvisols	Chromic Cambisols
Topsoil Texture	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Coarse	Medium	Medium	Fine	Medium	Fine	Medium	Medium	Fine
Reference Depth	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	10 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm
Drainage	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Poor	Imperfectly	Poor	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Poor	Moderately well	Poor	Moderately well	Poor	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well
Available Water Capacity	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	15 mm	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	125 m	150 m	150 m	50 m	150 m	150 m
Phase 1						Saline											Petric
Misc. Property														Vertic (cracks of more than 1 cm wide)
Topsoil Properties
Gravel	10 %	10 %	11 %	4 %	26 %	4 %	6 %	9 %	17 %	4 %	7 %	5 %	9 %	4 %	9 %	3 %	10 %	11 %	3 %
Sand	48 %	49 %	56 %	39 %	43 %	39 %	36 %	42 %	43 %	30 %	79 %	42 %	47 %	16 %	47 %	20 %	49 %	56 %	20 %
Silt	30 %	28 %	20 %	41 %	34 %	41 %	43 %	36 %	35 %	41 %	11 %	36 %	29 %	29 %	29 %	30 %	28 %	20 %	30 %
Clay	22 %	23 %	24 %	20 %	23 %	20 %	21 %	22 %	22 %	29 %	10 %	22 %	24 %	55 %	24 %	50 %	23 %	24 %	50 %
USDA Texture	Loam	Loam	Sandy clay loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Clay loam	Sandy loam	Loam	Loam	Clay	Loam	Clay	Loam	Sandy clay loam	Clay
Reference Bulk Density	1.41 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³	1.59 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.21 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.23 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.23 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.3 g/cm³	1.49 g/cm³	1.48 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.19 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.54 g/cm³	1.65 g/cm³	1.54 g/cm³	1.23 g/cm³	1.49 g/cm³	1.48 g/cm³	1.23 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.98 %	0.58 %	0.74 %	0.9 %	1.4 %	0.9 %	0.53 %	1 %	0.77 %	3 %	0.53 %	0.94 %	0.86 %	0.75 %	0.86 %	1.43 %	0.58 %	0.74 %	1.43 %
PH	6.6	6.2	6.3	7.3	7.6	7.3	8.2	6.6	8	4.5	6.3	6.1	6.4	7.9	6.4	6.8	6.2	6.3	6.8
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	38 cmol kg⁻¹	32 cmol kg⁻¹	23 cmol kg⁻¹	62 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	62 cmol kg⁻¹	46 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹	40 cmol kg⁻¹	17 cmol kg⁻¹	32 cmol kg⁻¹	46 cmol kg⁻¹	38 cmol kg⁻¹	75 cmol kg⁻¹	38 cmol kg⁻¹	35 cmol kg⁻¹	32 cmol kg⁻¹	23 cmol kg⁻¹	35 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	12 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	7 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	17 cmol kg⁻¹	18 cmol kg⁻¹	4 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	44 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	21 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	7 cmol kg⁻¹	21 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	84 %	81 %	85 %	91 %	100 %	91 %	100 %	93 %	100 %	93 %	76 %	89 %	89 %	100 %	89 %	91 %	81 %	85 %	91 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	10.5 cmol kg⁻¹	7.2 cmol kg⁻¹	6.1 cmol kg⁻¹	16.4 cmol kg⁻¹	15.6 cmol kg⁻¹	16.4 cmol kg⁻¹	22.1 cmol kg⁻¹	13.8 cmol kg⁻¹	31.1 cmol kg⁻¹	16.7 cmol kg⁻¹	4 cmol kg⁻¹	9.8 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹	45.2 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹	20.8 cmol kg⁻¹	7.2 cmol kg⁻¹	6.1 cmol kg⁻¹	20.8 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0.1 %	0 %	0 %	1 %	3.9 %	1 %	9 %	0 %	15 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	2.5 %	0 %	0.1 %	0 %	0 %	0.1 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	1.8 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	2 %	1 %	2 %	2 %	4 %	2 %	30 %	2 %	2 %	0 %	2 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	2 %	1 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	22.3 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.3 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.2 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel	9 %	5 %	10 %	8 %		8 %	7 %	12 %	18 %	8 %	4 %	6 %	8 %	5 %	8 %	4 %	5 %	10 %	4 %
Sand	46 %	38 %	44 %	41 %		41 %	40 %	40 %	38 %	25 %	68 %	35 %	39 %	15 %	39 %	20 %	38 %	44 %	20 %
Silt	27 %	23 %	19 %	38 %		38 %	39 %	35 %	36 %	41 %	10 %	32 %	27 %	28 %	27 %	29 %	23 %	19 %	29 %
Clay	27 %	39 %	37 %	21 %		21 %	21 %	25 %	26 %	34 %	22 %	33 %	34 %	57 %	34 %	51 %	39 %	37 %	51 %
USDA Texture	Sandy clay loam	Clay loam	Clay loam	Loam		Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Clay loam	Sandy clay loam	Clay loam	Clay loam	Clay	Clay loam	Clay	Clay loam	Clay loam	Clay
Reference Bulk Density	1.37 g/cm³	1.31 g/cm³	1.32 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³		1.4 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.32 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³	1.21 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³	1.23 g/cm³	1.31 g/cm³	1.32 g/cm³	1.23 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.4 g/cm³	1.54 g/cm³	1.47 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³		1.39 g/cm³	1.32 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.52 g/cm³	1.16 g/cm³	1.55 g/cm³	1.59 g/cm³	1.52 g/cm³	1.76 g/cm³	1.52 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.54 g/cm³	1.47 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.4 %	0.4 %	0.34 %	0.4 %		0.4 %	0.27 %	0.4 %	0.53 %	1.6 %	0.3 %	0.28 %	0.38 %	0.45 %	0.38 %	0.6 %	0.4 %	0.34 %	0.6 %
PH	6.8	6.3	6	7.5		7.5	8.2	7	8.1	3.6	6.1	6.5	6.3	8.1	6.3	7.2	6.3	6	7.2
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	41 cmol kg⁻¹	41 cmol kg⁻¹	21 cmol kg⁻¹	58 cmol kg⁻¹		58 cmol kg⁻¹	59 cmol kg⁻¹	51 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹	26 cmol kg⁻¹	22 cmol kg⁻¹	45 cmol kg⁻¹	40 cmol kg⁻¹	73 cmol kg⁻¹	40 cmol kg⁻¹	33 cmol kg⁻¹	41 cmol kg⁻¹	21 cmol kg⁻¹	33 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	14 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹		14 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	43 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	23 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	23 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	95 %	82 %	77 %	97 %		97 %	100 %	93 %	100 %	77 %	70 %	96 %	93 %	100 %	93 %	97 %	82 %	77 %	97 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	11.1 cmol kg⁻¹	9.4 cmol kg⁻¹	6.6 cmol kg⁻¹	15.1 cmol kg⁻¹		15.1 cmol kg⁻¹	20.4 cmol kg⁻¹	14.4 cmol kg⁻¹	41.1 cmol kg⁻¹	11.9 cmol kg⁻¹	4.7 cmol kg⁻¹	14.3 cmol kg⁻¹	12.3 cmol kg⁻¹	47.5 cmol kg⁻¹	12.3 cmol kg⁻¹	19.5 cmol kg⁻¹	9.4 cmol kg⁻¹	6.6 cmol kg⁻¹	19.5 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0.1 %	0 %	0 %	3.9 %		3.9 %	10 %	0.1 %	15 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	3.9 %	0 %	0.5 %	0 %	0 %	0.5 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %		0 %	1 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	1 %	1 %	2 %	3 %		3 %	20 %	2 %	1 %	5 %	2 %	1 %	1 %	3 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	2 %	1 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1	14 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.3 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.3 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1

Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263