Gamgul Siahbehi Sanctuary

Location:Himachal Pradesh, India
IUCN Category:IV
Area:22,296 acres (9,023 hectares)
Species:All  Endangered  Invasive
Climate:View Climate Data
Land Use:View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:Cwb (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: winter dry; Temperature: warm summer)

Ecoregions

Western Himalayan broadleaf forests

Soils

Protected Area Boundary
 AB
   
Share70 %30 %34 %33 %33 %
Soil TypeEutric CambisolsOrthic LuvisolsLithosolsRankersCambisols
Topsoil TextureFineMediumMediumMediumMedium
Reference Depth100 cm100 cm10 cm30 cm100 cm
DrainageImperfectlyModerately wellImperfectlyImperfectlyModerately well
Available Water Capacity50 m150 m15 mm50 mm150 m
Phase 1Lithic    
Topsoil Properties
Gravel8 %4 %26 %10 %8 %
Sand22 %47 %43 %48 %43 %
Silt30 %32 %34 %31 %36 %
Clay48 %21 %23 %21 %21 %
USDA TextureClayLoamLoamLoamLoam
Reference Bulk Density1.24 g/cm³1.41 g/cm³1.39 g/cm³1.42 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.27 g/cm³1.42 g/cm³1.3 g/cm³1.45 g/cm³1.35 g/cm³
Organic Carbon1.29 %0.82 %1.4 %1.43 %1.04 %
PH6.86.27.65.16.3
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity50 cmol kg⁻¹35 cmol kg⁻¹42 cmol kg⁻¹18 cmol kg⁻¹44 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity27 cmol kg⁻¹11 cmol kg⁻¹15 cmol kg⁻¹9 cmol kg⁻¹13 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation91 %88 %100 %47 %78 %
Total Exchangeable Bases22.8 cmol kg⁻¹8.3 cmol kg⁻¹15.6 cmol kg⁻¹3.7 cmol kg⁻¹9.8 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate0.1 %0 %3.9 %0 %0 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium1 %1 %4 %2 %1 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel28 %5 %  13 %
Sand25 %40 %  42 %
Silt30 %29 %  34 %
Clay45 %31 %  24 %
USDA TextureClayClay loam  Loam
Reference Bulk Density1.26 g/cm³1.34 g/cm³  1.38 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.34 g/cm³1.5 g/cm³  1.4 g/cm³
Organic Carbon0.57 %0.39 %  0.43 %
PH7.26.2  6.6
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity52 cmol kg⁻¹33 cmol kg⁻¹  41 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity26 cmol kg⁻¹12 cmol kg⁻¹  12 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation99 %87 %  92 %
Total Exchangeable Bases25.9 cmol kg⁻¹9.6 cmol kg⁻¹  11 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate0.5 %0 %  0 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %  0 %
Exchangeable Sodium1 %1 %  1 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1  0.1 dS m-1
Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.
Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263