Gunung Manembo-nembo Nature Reserve

Location:Sulawesi, Indonesia
IUCN Category:IV
Area:18,731 acres (7,580 hectares)
Species:All  Endangered  Invasive
Climate:View Climate Data
Land Use:View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:Af (Climate: equatorial; Precipitation: fully humid)

Ecoregions

Sulawesi lowland rain forests

Soils

Protected Area Boundary
 A
  
Share70 %10 %10 %10 %
Soil TypeEutric CambisolsVitric AndosolsEutric RegosolsLithosols
Topsoil TextureMediumMediumMediumMedium
Reference Depth100 cm100 cm100 cm10 cm
DrainageModerately wellModerately wellModerately wellImperfectly
Available Water Capacity150 m150 m150 m15 mm
Topsoil Properties
Gravel9 %4 %27 %26 %
Sand42 %46 %47 %43 %
Silt36 %43 %34 %34 %
Clay22 %11 %19 %23 %
USDA TextureLoamLoamLoamLoam
Reference Bulk Density1.4 g/cm³1.51 g/cm³1.43 g/cm³1.39 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.37 g/cm³0.87 g/cm³1.21 g/cm³1.3 g/cm³
Organic Carbon1 %4.38 %0.97 %1.4 %
PH6.65.96.47.6
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity55 cmol kg⁻¹138 cmol kg⁻¹41 cmol kg⁻¹42 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity16 cmol kg⁻¹24 cmol kg⁻¹12 cmol kg⁻¹15 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation93 %57 %79 %100 %
Total Exchangeable Bases13.8 cmol kg⁻¹5.2 cmol kg⁻¹15.1 cmol kg⁻¹15.6 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate0 %0 %0 %3.9 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium2 %1 %1 %4 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel12 %10 %28 % 
Sand40 %56 %50 % 
Silt35 %32 %32 % 
Clay25 %12 %18 % 
USDA TextureLoamSandy loamLoam 
Reference Bulk Density1.38 g/cm³1.51 g/cm³1.44 g/cm³ 
Bulk Density1.39 g/cm³0.91 g/cm³1.46 g/cm³ 
Organic Carbon0.4 %1.47 %0.4 % 
PH766.9 
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity51 cmol kg⁻¹155 cmol kg⁻¹55 cmol kg⁻¹ 
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity15 cmol kg⁻¹17 cmol kg⁻¹11 cmol kg⁻¹ 
Base Saturation93 %57 %85 % 
Total Exchangeable Bases14.4 cmol kg⁻¹8 cmol kg⁻¹10.3 cmol kg⁻¹ 
Calcium Carbonate0.1 %0 %0.1 % 
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 % 
Exchangeable Sodium2 %2 %2 % 
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1 
Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.
Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263