World Species : Protected Area : Reserva de la Biosfera de la Amistad

Reserva de la Biosfera de la Amistad

Location:	Costa Rica
IUCN Category:	II
Area:	493,313 acres (199,637 hectares)
Species:	All Endangered Invasive
Climate:	View Climate Data
Land Use:	View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:	Af (Climate: equatorial; Precipitation: fully humid)

Ecoregions

Isthmian-Atlantic moist forests
Isthmian-Pacific moist forests
Talamancan montane forests

Soils

— Protected Area Boundary

	A		B	C			D			E		F	G	H			I

Share	50 %	50 %		50 %	35 %	15 %	50 %	35 %	15 %	75 %	25 %			50 %	35 %	15 %
Soil Type	Humic Nitisols	Haplic Acrisols	Humic Cambisols	Haplic Andosols	Umbric Andosols	Terric Histosols	Haplic Andosols	Umbric Andosols	Terric Histosols	Eutric Fluvisols	Eutric Cambisols	Humic Nitisols	Humic Cambisols	Haplic Andosols	Umbric Andosols	Terric Histosols	Humic Nitisols
Topsoil Texture	Fine	Medium	Medium	Medium	Fine		Medium	Fine		Medium	Medium	Fine	Medium	Medium	Fine		Fine
Reference Depth	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm
Drainage	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Very poor	Moderately well	Moderately well	Very poor	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Very poor	Moderately well
Available Water Capacity	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m
Topsoil Properties
Gravel	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %
Sand	24 %	57 %	24 %	32 %	13 %	0 %	32 %	13 %	0 %	44 %	45 %	24 %	24 %	32 %	13 %	0 %	24 %
Silt	27 %	19 %	47 %	43 %	13 %	0 %	43 %	13 %	0 %	33 %	31 %	27 %	47 %	43 %	13 %	0 %	27 %
Clay	49 %	24 %	29 %	25 %	74 %	0 %	25 %	74 %	0 %	23 %	24 %	49 %	29 %	25 %	74 %	0 %	49 %
USDA Texture	Clay	Sandy clay loam	Clay loam	Loam	Clay (heavy)		Loam	Clay (heavy)		Loam	Loam	Clay	Clay loam	Loam	Clay (heavy)		Clay
Reference Bulk Density	1.24 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.32 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.16 g/cm³		1.35 g/cm³	1.16 g/cm³		1.39 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.24 g/cm³	1.32 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.16 g/cm³		1.24 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.18 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	0.94 g/cm³	0.78 g/cm³	0.62 g/cm³	0.33 g/cm³	0.78 g/cm³	0.62 g/cm³	0.33 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.18 g/cm³	0.94 g/cm³	0.78 g/cm³	0.62 g/cm³	0.33 g/cm³	1.18 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	2.45 %	0.8 %	9.8 %	4.67 %	6.84 %	39.94 %	4.67 %	6.84 %	39.94 %	0.73 %	0.87 %	2.45 %	9.8 %	4.67 %	6.84 %	39.94 %	2.45 %
PH	5.3	5.1	4.3	6	4.9	5.7	6	4.9	5.7	7	6.6	5.3	4.3	6	4.9	5.7	5.3
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	21 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	63 cmol kg⁻¹	58 cmol kg⁻¹			58 cmol kg⁻¹			50 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹	21 cmol kg⁻¹	63 cmol kg⁻¹	58 cmol kg⁻¹			21 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	20 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	31 cmol kg⁻¹	23 cmol kg⁻¹	91 cmol kg⁻¹	31 cmol kg⁻¹	23 cmol kg⁻¹	91 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	20 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	31 cmol kg⁻¹	23 cmol kg⁻¹	91 cmol kg⁻¹	20 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	27 %	51 %	27 %	51 %	13 %	77 %	51 %	13 %	77 %	91 %	91 %	27 %	27 %	51 %	13 %	77 %	27 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	5.4 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	15.8 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹	70.1 cmol kg⁻¹	15.8 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹	70.1 cmol kg⁻¹	12.7 cmol kg⁻¹	13.7 cmol kg⁻¹	5.4 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	15.8 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹	70.1 cmol kg⁻¹	5.4 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0.8 %	0.3 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0.1 %	0.1 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	1 %	2 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	2 %	2 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %
Electrical Conductivity	0 dS m-1	0 dS m-1	0 dS m-1	0 dS m-1	0 dS m-1	0 dS m-1	0 dS m-1	0 dS m-1	0 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0 dS m-1	0 dS m-1	0 dS m-1	0 dS m-1	0 dS m-1	0 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %
Sand	18 %	48 %	40 %	35 %	11 %	0 %	35 %	11 %	0 %	46 %	43 %	18 %	40 %	35 %	11 %	0 %	18 %
Silt	21 %	17 %	32 %	40 %	33 %	0 %	40 %	33 %	0 %	31 %	30 %	21 %	32 %	40 %	33 %	0 %	21 %
Clay	61 %	35 %	28 %	25 %	56 %	0 %	25 %	56 %	0 %	23 %	27 %	61 %	28 %	25 %	56 %	0 %	61 %
USDA Texture	Clay (heavy)	Sandy clay	Clay loam	Loam	Clay		Loam	Clay		Loam	Clay loam	Clay (heavy)	Clay loam	Loam	Clay		Clay (heavy)
Reference Bulk Density	1.2 g/cm³	1.34 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.2 g/cm³		1.36 g/cm³	1.2 g/cm³		1.39 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.2 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.2 g/cm³		1.2 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.25 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.11 g/cm³	0.78 g/cm³	0.77 g/cm³	0.24 g/cm³	0.78 g/cm³	0.77 g/cm³	0.24 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.25 g/cm³	1.11 g/cm³	0.78 g/cm³	0.77 g/cm³	0.24 g/cm³	1.25 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.96 %	0.36 %	2.31 %	1.83 %	4.19 %	36.03 %	1.83 %	4.19 %	36.03 %	0.32 %	0.34 %	0.96 %	2.31 %	1.83 %	4.19 %	36.03 %	0.96 %
PH	5.4	5	5.1	6.1	4.7	5.7	6.1	4.7	5.7	7.3	7	5.4	5.1	6.1	4.7	5.7	5.4
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	16 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹	54 cmol kg⁻¹	61 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹		61 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹		49 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	54 cmol kg⁻¹	61 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹		16 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	20 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	22 cmol kg⁻¹	22 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	93 cmol kg⁻¹	22 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	93 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	20 cmol kg⁻¹	22 cmol kg⁻¹	22 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	93 cmol kg⁻¹	20 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	29 %	35 %	26 %	80 %	16 %	91 %	80 %	16 %	91 %	94 %	94 %	29 %	26 %	80 %	16 %	91 %	29 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	5.8 cmol kg⁻¹	1.8 cmol kg⁻¹	5.7 cmol kg⁻¹	17.6 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹	84.6 cmol kg⁻¹	17.6 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹	84.6 cmol kg⁻¹	12.2 cmol kg⁻¹	14.1 cmol kg⁻¹	5.8 cmol kg⁻¹	5.7 cmol kg⁻¹	17.6 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹	84.6 cmol kg⁻¹	5.8 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	1.8 %	0.4 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0.1 %	0.1 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	1 %	2 %	2 %	2 %	1 %	1 %	2 %	1 %	1 %	2 %	2 %	1 %	2 %	2 %	1 %	1 %	1 %
Electrical Conductivity	0 dS m-1	0 dS m-1	0 dS m-1	0 dS m-1	0 dS m-1	0 dS m-1	0 dS m-1	0 dS m-1	0 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.2 dS m-1	0 dS m-1	0 dS m-1	0 dS m-1	0 dS m-1	0 dS m-1	0 dS m-1

Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263