Roman Wall Loughs

Location:England, United Kingdom
Area:1,691 acres (684 hectares)
Species:All  Endangered  Invasive
Website:View website
Land Use:View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:Cfb (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: fully humid; Temperature: warm summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:View Data Sheet  Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

Celtic broadleaf forests

Soils

Protected Area Boundary
 AB
   
Share70 %15 %15 %55 %20 %15 %10 %
Soil TypeDystric GleysolsStagnic LuvisolsDystric CambisolsUmbric GleysolsDystric GleysolsFerric PodzolsFibric Histosols
Topsoil TextureMediumMediumMediumMediumMediumMediumFine
Reference Depth100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm
DrainagePoorPoorModerately wellPoorPoorModerately wellVery poor
Available Water Capacity75 m50 m150 m50 m75 m15 m150 m
Phase 1   Stony Stony 
Root ObstacleNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cm60 - 80 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cm40 - 60 cmNone to 80 cm
Impermeable Layer0 - 40 cm0 - 40 cmNone to 150 cm0 - 40 cm0 - 40 cm0 - 40 cmNone to 150 cm
Soil Water RegimeWet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 monthWet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthWet within 40 cm depth for over 11 monthWet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 monthWet within 40 cm depth for over 11 monthWet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month
Topsoil Properties
Gravel2 %4 %10 %4 %2 %15 %1 %
Sand40 %37 %42 %38 %40 %45 %20 %
Silt39 %44 %38 %42 %39 %52 %40 %
Clay21 %19 %20 %20 %21 %3 %40 %
USDA TextureLoamLoamLoamLoamLoamSilt loamClay
Reference Bulk Density1.4 g/cm³1.41 g/cm³1.41 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³1.7 g/cm³1.26 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.3 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³1.3 g/cm³1.31 g/cm³1.3 g/cm³0.96 g/cm³0.1 g/cm³
Organic Carbon1.17 %0.99 %1.45 %4.59 %1.17 %4.6 %33.63 %
PH5.15.85.15.25.14.64.3
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity25 cmol kg⁻¹48 cmol kg⁻¹32 cmol kg⁻¹34 cmol kg⁻¹25 cmol kg⁻¹64 cmol kg⁻¹45 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity11 cmol kg⁻¹12 cmol kg⁻¹12 cmol kg⁻¹20 cmol kg⁻¹11 cmol kg⁻¹20 cmol kg⁻¹77 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation47 %62 %38 %82 %47 %10 %62 %
Total Exchangeable Bases5.5 cmol kg⁻¹8.4 cmol kg⁻¹4.3 cmol kg⁻¹1.8 cmol kg⁻¹5.5 cmol kg⁻¹4.4 cmol kg⁻¹31.4 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium1 %1 %2 %2 %1 %1 %2 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel6 %4 %19 %5 %6 %17 %2 %
Sand41 %31 %45 %38 %41 %51 %47 %
Silt34 %38 %35 %32 %34 %45 %26 %
Clay25 %31 %20 %30 %25 %4 %27 %
USDA TextureLoamClay loamLoamClay loamLoamSandy loamSandy clay loam
Reference Bulk Density1.38 g/cm³1.33 g/cm³1.42 g/cm³1.34 g/cm³1.38 g/cm³1.67 g/cm³1.38 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.36 g/cm³1.6 g/cm³1.36 g/cm³1.49 g/cm³1.36 g/cm³1.29 g/cm³0.1 g/cm³
Organic Carbon0.4 %0.29 %0.5 %0.67 %0.4 %0.81 %32.89 %
PH5.35.95.25.25.35.14.6
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity29 cmol kg⁻¹50 cmol kg⁻¹35 cmol kg⁻¹38 cmol kg⁻¹29 cmol kg⁻¹56 cmol kg⁻¹71 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity10 cmol kg⁻¹14 cmol kg⁻¹9 cmol kg⁻¹11 cmol kg⁻¹10 cmol kg⁻¹9 cmol kg⁻¹78 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation47 %83 %33 %86 %47 %13 %40 %
Total Exchangeable Bases6.1 cmol kg⁻¹10.2 cmol kg⁻¹2.6 cmol kg⁻¹10 cmol kg⁻¹6.1 cmol kg⁻¹0.8 cmol kg⁻¹27.4 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium1 %1 %2 %4 %1 %2 %1 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1
Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.
Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263