World Species : Protected Area : River South Esk

River South Esk

Location:	Scotland, United Kingdom
Area:	1,183 acres (479 hectares)
Species:	All Endangered Invasive
Website:	View website
Climate:	View Climate Data
Land Use:	View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:	Cfb (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: fully humid; Temperature: warm summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:	View Data Sheet Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

Caledon conifer forests
Celtic broadleaf forests

Soils

— Protected Area Boundary

	A		B			C

Share	50 %	50 %	40 %	40 %	20 %	90 %	5 %	5 %
Soil Type	Eutric Cambisols	Eutric Cambisols	Haplic Podzols	Ferric Podzols	Dystric Gleysols	Fibric Histosols	Umbric Gleysols	Ferric Podzols
Topsoil Texture	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Fine	Fine	Coarse
Reference Depth	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm
Drainage	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Poor	Very poor	Very poor	Somewhat excessive
Available Water Capacity	150 m	100 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	75 m
Root Obstacle	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	40 - 60 cm	40 - 60 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	40 - 60 cm
Impermeable Layer	80 - 150 cm	40 - 80 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	40 - 80 cm	None to 150 cm	40 - 80 cm	40 - 80 cm
Soil Water Regime	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month	Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month	Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month
Topsoil Properties
Gravel	9 %	9 %	15 %	15 %	2 %	1 %	1 %	3 %
Sand	42 %	42 %	50 %	45 %	40 %	20 %	17 %	86 %
Silt	36 %	36 %	40 %	52 %	39 %	40 %	29 %	8 %
Clay	22 %	22 %	10 %	3 %	21 %	40 %	54 %	6 %
USDA Texture	Loam	Loam	Loam	Silt loam	Loam	Clay	Clay	Loamy sand
Reference Bulk Density	1.4 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.53 g/cm³	1.7 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.26 g/cm³	1.22 g/cm³	1.67 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.37 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	0.96 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	0.1 g/cm³	1.23 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	1 %	1 %	5.27 %	4.6 %	1.17 %	33.63 %	4.54 %	2.02 %
PH	6.6	6.6	4.5	4.6	5.1	4.3	5	4.5
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	55 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹	89 cmol kg⁻¹	64 cmol kg⁻¹	25 cmol kg⁻¹	45 cmol kg⁻¹	23 cmol kg⁻¹	78 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	16 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	28 cmol kg⁻¹	20 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	77 cmol kg⁻¹	24 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	93 %	93 %	11 %	10 %	47 %	62 %	22 %	17 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	14 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	5.6 cmol kg⁻¹	4.4 cmol kg⁻¹	5.5 cmol kg⁻¹	31.4 cmol kg⁻¹	7.1 cmol kg⁻¹	2.5 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	2 %	2 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	2 %	1 %	0 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel	12 %	12 %	15 %	17 %	6 %	2 %	1 %	3 %
Sand	41 %	41 %	55 %	51 %	41 %	47 %	22 %	86 %
Silt	34 %	34 %	35 %	45 %	34 %	26 %	25 %	6 %
Clay	25 %	25 %	10 %	4 %	25 %	27 %	53 %	8 %
USDA Texture	Loam	Loam	Sandy loam	Sandy loam	Loam	Sandy clay loam	Clay	Loamy sand
Reference Bulk Density	1.38 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.54 g/cm³	1.67 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.23 g/cm³	1.63 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.39 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³	1.29 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	0.1 g/cm³	1.28 g/cm³	1.57 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.37 %	0.37 %	0.81 %	0.81 %	0.4 %	32.89 %	1.23 %	0.51 %
PH	7	7	5	5.1	5.3	4.6	5	5.1
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	55 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹	56 cmol kg⁻¹	29 cmol kg⁻¹	71 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	15 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹	78 cmol kg⁻¹	19 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	93 %	93 %	13 %	13 %	47 %	40 %	27 %	21 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	15.1 cmol kg⁻¹	15.1 cmol kg⁻¹	0.8 cmol kg⁻¹	0.8 cmol kg⁻¹	6.1 cmol kg⁻¹	27.4 cmol kg⁻¹	5.7 cmol kg⁻¹	1.5 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0.1 %	0.1 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	2 %	2 %	0 %	2 %	1 %	1 %	2 %	0 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1

Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263