World Species : Protected Area : Cors Fochno

Cors Fochno

Location:	Wales, United Kingdom
Area:	1,613 acres (653 hectares)
Species:	All Endangered Invasive
Website:	View website
Climate:	View Climate Data
Land Use:	View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:	Cfb (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: fully humid; Temperature: warm summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:	View Data Sheet Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

Celtic broadleaf forests

Soils

— Protected Area Boundary

	A					B					C

Share	40 %	20 %	15 %	15 %	10 %	50 %	15 %	10 %	10 %	10 %	70 %	30 %
Soil Type	Dystric Cambisols	Eutric Cambisols	Gleyic Cambisols	Dystric Cambisols	Dystric Gleysols	Dystric Cambisols	Dystric Cambisols	Ferric Podzols	Dystric Gleysols	Umbric Leptosols	Fibric Histosols	Terric Histosols
Topsoil Texture	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Fine	Medium
Reference Depth	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	30 cm	100 cm	100 cm
Drainage	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Poor	Imperfectly	Poor	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Poor	Imperfectly	Very poor	Very poor
Available Water Capacity	15 m	15 m	100 m	15 m	150 m	50 m	50 m	50 m	75 m	15 mm	150 m	150 m
Phase 1	Stony	Stony		Stony		Lithic	Lithic	Lithic	Lithic
Phase 2	Lithic	Lithic		Lithic
Root Obstacle	60 - 80 cm	60 - 80 cm	None to 80 cm	60 - 80 cm	None to 80 cm	60 - 80 cm	60 - 80 cm	60 - 80 cm	60 - 80 cm		None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm
Impermeable Layer	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	40 - 80 cm	None to 150 cm	40 - 80 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	0 - 40 cm	None to 150 cm		None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm
Soil Water Regime	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month	Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month		Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month	Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month
Topsoil Properties
Gravel	10 %	9 %	4 %	10 %	2 %	10 %	10 %	15 %	2 %	6 %	1 %	28 %
Sand	42 %	42 %	45 %	42 %	40 %	42 %	42 %	45 %	40 %	49 %	20 %	35 %
Silt	38 %	36 %	36 %	38 %	39 %	38 %	38 %	52 %	39 %	31 %	40 %	33 %
Clay	20 %	22 %	19 %	20 %	21 %	20 %	20 %	3 %	21 %	20 %	40 %	32 %
USDA Texture	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Silt loam	Loam	Loam	Clay	Clay loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.41 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.42 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.7 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.26 g/cm³	1.32 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.3 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	0.96 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.1 g/cm³	0.1 g/cm³	0.28 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	1.45 %	1 %	1 %	1.45 %	1.17 %	1.45 %	1.45 %	4.6 %	1.17 %	2.4 %	33.63 %	39.4 %
PH	5.1	6.6	6.4	5.1	5.1	5.1	5.1	4.6	5.1	5.1	4.3	5.6
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	32 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹	38 cmol kg⁻¹	32 cmol kg⁻¹	25 cmol kg⁻¹	32 cmol kg⁻¹	32 cmol kg⁻¹	64 cmol kg⁻¹	25 cmol kg⁻¹	34 cmol kg⁻¹	45 cmol kg⁻¹	45 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	12 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	20 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	77 cmol kg⁻¹	87 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	38 %	93 %	85 %	38 %	47 %	38 %	38 %	10 %	47 %	36 %	62 %	75 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	4.3 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	8.2 cmol kg⁻¹	4.3 cmol kg⁻¹	5.5 cmol kg⁻¹	4.3 cmol kg⁻¹	4.3 cmol kg⁻¹	4.4 cmol kg⁻¹	5.5 cmol kg⁻¹	4.7 cmol kg⁻¹	31.4 cmol kg⁻¹	59.5 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	2 %	2 %	2 %	2 %	1 %	2 %	2 %	1 %	1 %	4 %	2 %	1 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel	19 %	12 %	18 %	19 %	6 %	19 %	19 %	17 %	6 %		2 %	5 %
Sand	45 %	41 %	39 %	45 %	41 %	45 %	45 %	51 %	41 %		47 %	52 %
Silt	35 %	34 %	34 %	35 %	34 %	35 %	35 %	45 %	34 %		26 %	23 %
Clay	20 %	25 %	27 %	20 %	25 %	20 %	20 %	4 %	25 %		27 %	25 %
USDA Texture	Loam	Loam	Clay loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Sandy loam	Loam		Sandy clay loam	Sandy clay loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.42 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.42 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.42 g/cm³	1.42 g/cm³	1.67 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³		1.38 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.36 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.6 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.29 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³		0.1 g/cm³	0.18 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.5 %	0.37 %	0.47 %	0.5 %	0.4 %	0.5 %	0.5 %	0.81 %	0.4 %		32.89 %	38.46 %
PH	5.2	7	6.7	5.2	5.3	5.2	5.2	5.1	5.3		4.6	5.8
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	35 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹	37 cmol kg⁻¹	35 cmol kg⁻¹	29 cmol kg⁻¹	35 cmol kg⁻¹	35 cmol kg⁻¹	56 cmol kg⁻¹	29 cmol kg⁻¹		71 cmol kg⁻¹	49 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	9 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹		78 cmol kg⁻¹	88 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	33 %	93 %	88 %	33 %	47 %	33 %	33 %	13 %	47 %		40 %	96 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹	15.1 cmol kg⁻¹	11.3 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹	6.1 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹	0.8 cmol kg⁻¹	6.1 cmol kg⁻¹		27.4 cmol kg⁻¹	81.8 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0 %	0.1 %	0.1 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %		0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %		0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	2 %	2 %	2 %	2 %	1 %	2 %	2 %	2 %	1 %		1 %	1 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1

Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263